TEAMWORK

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• TEAMWORK

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TEAMWORK
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TEAM WORK FOR TOTAL QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN
PATIENTS CARE PRESENTED AT THE QUALITY
IMPROVEMENT SEMINAR ORGANIZED BY THE
MANAGEMENT, NEURO-PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITAL,ARO ABEOKUT
A VENUE CONFERENCE HALL I DATE 22ND 29TH
FEBRUARY 2012
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• BY
• MR ADEWOYIN J. A.
• R.P.N. R.N B.SC MPA
• ASSISTANT DIRECTOR OF NURSING SERVICES.

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T E A M W O R K

• Introduction
• The essence of team work is to promote efficiency
  and ensure a sound service delivery in the public
  sector.

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INTRODUCTION (Contd.)

• Team building has become a voque in the world of
  work for the following reasons
•  Specialization within organization
• More and more specialists are being created by
  the division of labour. Inevitably, individual
  jobs are narrowed into specific channels.

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• Synergy
• The benefit of an organization when people do
•  collaborative work is obvious. The resultant
  synergy is advantageous as none of us is as
  smart as all of us. A lot of creative power
  resides in all the minds put together.

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• Participation
• Increasingly, workers are seeking to become more
  actively involved in all the aspects of their
  work. Organizational survival today, depends on
  creativity. The ability to adapt to a changing
  environment is an essential ingredient to keep
  the organization in business. It has become
  paramount more than ever before, that
  organization uses all talents available in their
  human resources to facilitate problem-solving and
  keep the business afloat in austere time.

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Definition of a Team

• Oxford Advanced learners dictionary defined team
  as
• a group of people who play a particular game or
  sport against another group of people e.g
  football.

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Definition of a Team(contd.)

• A team is a collection of individuals with a
  common task, who interact with one another to
  achieve a common goal. It is equally working
  together in unison by a group of people towards
  the achievement of an agreed or organizational
  goal.
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Definition of Team Work

• Oxford Advanced learners dictionary equally
  defined Teamwork as the activity of working well
  together as a team.
• Teamwork is the ongoing process of interaction
  between team members as they work together to
  provide care to patients.
• Teamwork depends on a willingness to cooperate,
  co-ordinate and communicate while remaining
  focused on a shared goal of achieving optimal
  outcomes for our patients.

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• Teamwork is essential in an organization or a
  business to be successful! Brainstorming,
  hardwork, contribution, and vision of all the
  members together can lead to the success of a
  venture or winning of a game. A team is when
  different individuals come together to interact
  and socialize with the interest of realizing a
  particular objectives.

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• A team can be viewed from the perspective of
• internal nature of groups
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• How they are formed
• Why they are formed
• What are their structure and processes
• How they affect individual members in the
  organization.

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• Teamwork is all about collective actions,
  responsibilities of a group of people and not a
  particular person.
• Teamwork is all about how workers could adjust
  and re-adjust to new ideas. Change is the only
  thing thats constant in life.
• For example, time changes, condition changes,
  situation changes, ideas changes, everything
  changes in any organization, and team members
  must be prepared for change.

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The Objectives Of Teamwork

• To achieve better cooperation and reduce
  conflict, strike and improve work attendance.
• To make for better utilization of human resources
  and achieve more efficiency and high
  productivity.
• To reduce feelings of alienation and achieve more
  workers satisfaction.

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The Objectives Of Teamwork (contd)

• To bring about organizational democracy and more
  individuals influence.
• To defend, promote and bring about more balanced
  representation of individuals interests.
• To enable individuals to satisfy their wishes
  such as opportunity to show their personal worth
  fully, opportunity to obtain recognition and
  advancement etc.
• To build team spirit and team work.
• To foster acceptance of and prevent resistance to
  organizational change through enhanced
  communication.

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Types of Team Work

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• Management Team - Top Management Committee, Head
  of Departments, Work Teams.
• Recommendation Team - Committees, Task Forces.
• Work Team-Focus on performance results, meet
  target/delivery date.

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Types of Groups

• Formal groups
• A formal group is said to be formal if its
  creations, structure and activities are
  determined by rules, and procedures which are
  rigid, and orderly in pattern and arrangement.
• A formal group facilitates the coordination of
  activities or functions of an organization, helps
  in establishing logical relationship among people
  and realization of a common goals.

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• Informal groups
• It is not the opposite of formal group. It is a
  part of formal group It comes up as a result of
  the inadequacies in the formal group. In informal
  groups, there is no intimidation but the presence
  of warm relationship between superiors and
  subordinates existing with feelings of
  appreciation, respect and love.
• Rigidity is not involved.
• Team members have free will that arouse strong
  feeling of awareness in the group members.

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Principles of Team Dynamics

• Sharing of important information about change
  plans for change, and the outcome of that change
  must be the concern of every team member.
• There must be strong sense of belonging if the
  group has to be effective and productive.
• Team must allow for re-adjustment of team members
  during stress as a result of change.
• Team must have collective vision and its own
  mission statement.
• Team leader must be creative, influential and
  open to criticism. Achievements must always be
  celebrated by the team collectively.

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Features of a Team

• Appropriate Leadership
• He is full of abilities, e.g. flexibility and
  honesty. He keeps the team focused by delegating
  responsibility, creating climate for risk
  taking, ensuring open communication,
  leading people and facilitating decisions,
  de-emphasizing implements of position and power,
  sharing tasks, encouraging members feelings and
  recognizing teams achievements.
• Hence a leader can come from any professional
  group. Team leaders must praise their team
  members, give them the freedom to work as they
  deem fit, seek their advice and follow it when
  necessary. They must be genuinely interested in
  the welfare or their team members.

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• Effective team work 
• Through setting up of right atmosphere, clear
  direction, effective communication, freedom of
  expression, team blend, consensus decision
  making, empowerment, Team Leadership and
  performance review.
• Complimentary Skills
• In a team, people with different talents use
  their skills to contribute ideas and solutions.

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• Group Size
•  To generate useful and rich ideas, the people
  should not be few in number but not too large.
• Common Purpose
• There must be common purpose that binds all
  members together. The team effort must be focused
  on the defined business mission. Team leader must
  build confidence in their team members. He must
  be involved and stay involved with the team. A
  team leader has to be among the team always not
  sitting alone in his executive office.

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Stages of Team Development

• Membership of team does not just happen or is
  automatic. No two persons or individuals are
  exactly the same. Individuals differ
  significantly in terms of physical attributes,
  value, orientation, beliefs, emotional
  disposition, and so on. A crucial question to be
  asked here is how possible is it that these human
  beings with diverse characteristics would work
  together more or less as one entity? The answers
  to these questions then bring us to a discussion
  of the stages in the development of a team.

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The importance of team building in an
organization

• The need for teamwork in healthcare
• administration and public sector in
• general cannot be overemphasized.
• This is because all health workers are heavily
  interdependent and interrelated in the discharge
  of their duties to achieve the same objective of
  freeing the society of disease, or to cure those
  who are already sick, or to reduce the amount of
  pain expressed by individuals (Oluboyede 2006).
• Building of a health team connotes that every
  members of the team has his or own responsibility
  and commands respect and dignity, irrespective of
  ones position in the team. Everybody has a
  sense of belonging and therefore feels important
  rather than feel slighted and belittled.

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• The healthcare process has been developed as a
  concept that attempt to blend together the
  various facets of healthcare delivery and show
  the interrelationship and interdependence of all
  the professional interest groups involved in
  providing healthcare for the patient.
• The modern healthcare outfit, essentially at the
  tertiary, secondary and primary levels required
  some form of organization to ensure effective
  delivery of healthcare to the populace. The
  process of attaining this objective requires the
  cooperation and coordination of the efforts of
  the numerous professionals who contribute
  meaningfully to the provision of healthcare.

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• The multiplicity and diversity of professional
  interest groups vary and increase in scope as one
  moves from the primary through the secondary to
  the tertiary levels. Since healthcare is
  multidisciplinary in nature, absolute cooperation
  between the various groups is not only desirable
  but necessary for its smooth operation and
  effective delivery.
• For instance the pharmacist is the acknowledged
  professional with a monopoly over the
  procurement, production and dispensation of drugs
  and other ethical products. No effective
  healthcare can be delivered in the absence of
  these essentials, over which he has an absolute
  control.

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• The Laboratory Scientists in their diverse
  specialties hold the key to the accurate
  diagnosis of most aliment and disease conditions
  including tissues preservation and post mortem
  exercises. They are frontline healthcare
  providers in their own right.
• The patient Imaging scientist (Radiographers)
  provide essential X-ray films for diagnosis to
  medical practice. The same can be said in varying
  degrees for virtually every professional group in
  the health care organization.

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• Doctors Role
• Full medical Assessment of Patient, including
  comprehensive psychiatric history taking mental
  state examination, physical
• Examination and request for necessary Laboratory
  investigation.
• Prescribing drugs for Patients
• Review of medical conditions of patients
• Admission and Discharge of patients

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• Nurses Role
•  Triage Assessment of patient including vital
  signs monitoring, mental status examination,
  Physical examination etc.
•  Full assessment of patient including
  comprehensive Psychiatric history taking.
• Creation and maintenance of therapeutic
  environment.
• Proper administration of medications. Ensuring
  that patient take their prescribed drugs rightly.
  
• General patients observation
• Counseling health-education

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summary

• In coordinating the efforts of the
  multi-disciplinary team and their multifarious
  interests, the healthcare manager provides the
  enabling environment for all to function,
  optimally striving to smoothen all part of
  healthcare process to evolve. The process on its
  own seeks to blend together the diverse
  professional interests involved in the provision
  of healthcare delivery to all-important patient.
• It seeks to highlight the interdependent nature
  of the professional inputs and the obvious fact
  that no single group can and should highjack the
  scene as if it were a one-man show. Most
  professionals involved in the delivery of
  healthcare are highly respected in the society
  because of their high skill and professional
  background. By virtue of these apparent qualities
  and responsibilities, they compliment each
  others efforts for a common goal.

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• The example of the
• construction industry
• lends itself to emulation,
• where the Engineer, the
• Architect and the Quantity
• Surveyor work together without unnecessary
  squabble for leadership or domination.They
  complement each others  roles without much ado.
• The healthcare industry presents an opportunity
  for even greater cooperation if only
  practitioners focus their attention on the
  patient and how best to serve this  needs.

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Conclusion

•  In conclusion, the advantages of Team work
  include the following among others
• Integration of specialists/experts in an
  organization, thereby increasing success rates.
  More organizational members increasingly involved
  in their total work environment
• Increased productivity, improved customer
  service, more flexible systems and highly
  motivated staff.
•  Provides possibilities for empowerment that are
  not available to individual employees.
•  Builds commitment and support for new ideas
  among staff and community members and provides
  effective learning process of professionals.
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REFERENCES

•  
• 1. Argyris, C. (1962) Inter personal competence
  and
• Organizational effectiveness
•  
• 2. Beach Dales (1980) Personal Management of
  people at Work
• - New York
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• 3. Cole (1993) Motivation A way of life, The
  Social
• Influence process
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• 4. T. Appleby and R. Davis Team work used to
  save money, now it
• Saves lives US Today 2001 in Stephen P.
• Robins and Mary Coulters Management PPH 2005.
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• 5. John C. Maxwell Team Work Makes Dream
  Work (J. Countryman, Nashville, Tennessee,
  2001
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• 6. Oluboyede, A. (2009) Team Building in
  Hospitals
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• 7. Oxford Advance Learners Dictionary, 6th
  Edition.

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• THANKS
• FOR
• LISTENING
• 
  adewoyin J. A. (2012)