Stress, Folding and Faulting

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Stress, Folding and Faulting

• 11/23/2015

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Rock Reaction When StressedStress and Strain

• Warm Rocks are Pliable (Ductile Deformation) so
  they tend to bend and fold.
• Cool Rocks are Brittle so they tend to fracture
  (no relative movement) and fault (movement from
  existing rock).

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Compression Heat Rocks Tend to Fold
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Folded Rocks
syncline
Where are the oldest rocks exposed at the surface?
anticline
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anticlines
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Anticline
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synclines
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Syncline
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Folded Rocks
rock has a gently dipping bend in the horizontal
rock layer.
monocline
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Strike-Slip Fault
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Strike-slip (Transform) Fault
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Strike-Slip Fault
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Strike Slip Fault
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Normal Fault
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Normal Fault
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• 2 4 6

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Reverse Fault
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Graben Fault (Rift Valley)

• Formed from two normal faults.

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Graben Fault
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Horst Fault

• Formed from two reverse faults.