The Sacraments of Christ

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The Sacraments of Christ
Sacraments of Initiation Text Ch 10 Sacraments
of Healing and Sacraments of Commitment Text Ch
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Discussion Questions

• 1. How would you define sacrament?
• 2. What is the purpose of Sacraments?
• 3. How many are there?
• 4. Has this number always been the same
  throughout Church History? Explain.
• 5. Are there other faiths religions that
  celebrate sacraments? 
• 6. List and explain with as much detail
  information you know about each of the
  Sacraments.
• 7. How is grace connected?
• 8. Can we receive the Sacraments more than once?
• 9. Can a person receive all the Sacraments?
• 10. Add any other Sacraments trivia that you
  may know.

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I. Descriptions of Sacrament

• Something sacred and hidden
• St. Paul sacramentum mysterion Gods hidden
  plan to fulfill all things in Christ.
• St. Augustine stressed sign and symbol (something
  concrete that points to something else.)
• St. Thomas Aquinas added that sacraments are
  efficacious signs or symbols of grace. They
  effect, cause, and are what they signify.

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II. Sacraments ARE what they symbolize

• To be a sacrament, a sign or symbol must do the
  following
• Come from God (inward grace)
• Lead us to God (outward sign)
• Be an action of God (outward sign)
• The best example
• of a sacrament is
• Jesus Christ himself.

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III. The Church as Sacrament

• The Church is a mystery.
• The Church is beloved of Christ.
• The Church is an efficacious symbol.

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IV. History of Sacraments

• Long period exact number undefinedalthough many
  ceremonies sacramental
• BAPTIMS EUCHARIST
• 12th 13th century devotions to sacrament
  Council of Lyons 1274 7!!
• Most more fully defined at Council of Trent 1545

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V. Sign, Symbol, Sacrament

• St. Thomas Aquinas taught that human development
  is marked by seven stages which parallel the
  seven sacraments.

• We are born Baptism
• We grow Confirmation
• We are fed Eucharist
• We are healed Penance
• We recover Anointing of the Sick
• We need and form family Matrimony
• We need and respond to leaders Holy Orders

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VI. The Seven Sacraments

• The Sacraments of Initiation Baptism,
  Confirmation, Eucharist.
• The Sacraments of Healing Reconciliation
  (Penance), Anointing of the Sick.
• The Sacraments at the Service of
  Communion/Vocation Matrimony, Holy Orders.

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VII. Sacraments of Initiation

• Baptism brings new life in Christ.
• Confirmation strengthens our new life with the
  gifts of the Holy Spirit.
• Eucharist nourishes us with the Body and Blood
  of Christ.

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Sacraments of Initiation
Sacrament Essential Sacramental Symbol Minister Repeated?
Baptism Water poured over or immersed in water while saying 3 times, I baptize you in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. (Chrism Light White Garment) Bishop, priest, deacon or anyone in an emergency No
Confirmation Laying on of hands and anointing with chrism while saying, Be sealed with the gift of the Holy Spirit. Bishop No
Eucharist Bread and wine and the words of consecration (Take this all of you) Priest Yes
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BAPTISM Baptism Rites

• Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults (RCIA) -
  A process for adults culminating in the
  celebration of all three sacraments of initiation
  at the Easter Vigil.
• Rite of Baptism of Children - People did not want
  their children to wait until adulthood to be
  re-born in Christs lifeinfant baptism became
  prevalent.

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Effects of Baptism

• Washes away original sin and any other sins and
  the punishment due
• Makes us children of God and temples of the Holy
  Spirit
• Welcomes us as members of the Church, the Body of
  Christ (Offices Priest, Prophet, King)
• Marks us forever as sharers in the common
  priesthood of all believers, and in Christs
  mission of justice and peace

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CONFIRMATION Requirements for Reception of the
Sacrament of Confirmation

• Be prepared to profess the faith.
• Be in the state of grace.
• Intend to receive the sacrament.
• Be prepared to witness to Jesus Christ.

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EUCHARIST Development of the Eucharist

• Christ instituted the Eucharist during a
  Passover meal held at the Last Supper as a
  memorial of his Death and Resurrection.
• At the Council of Trent (1545 1563) the
  doctrine of transubstantiation was defined and
  the Roman Missal was published by Pope Pius V.

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Parts of the Eucharistic Liturgy

• Introductory Rites
• Sign of the Cross
• Penitential Rite
• Gloria
• Opening Prayer
• Liturgy of the Word
• First Reading
• Psalm Response
• Second Reading
• Gospel
• Homily
• Creed
• General Intercessions

• Liturgy of the Eucharist
• Preparation of the Altar
• Presentation of the Gifts
• Eucharistic Prayer
• Great Amen
• Communion Rite
• Our Father
• Lamb of God
• Reception of Holy Communion
• Prayer after Communion
• Concluding Rite

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Jesus is really present in Eucharist

• Jesus is present in the priest, the minister of
  the sacrament.
• Jesus is present when the Holy Scriptures are
  read.
• Jesus is present in the community assembled
• Jesus is really present in the consecrated
  species of bread and wine.

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Liturgy (the Work of the People)

• The first and most important work of the Church
  is to make present Christs Paschal Mystery here
  and now. We do this in liturgy.
• All the sacraments are liturgy the work of the
  peoplenone are private affairs.
• Every sacrament is a community affair an
  affair of the Church.

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VIII. Sacraments of Healing

• Penance/Reconciliation
• Penance renews, restores, and strengthens our
  relationship with God and the community after it
  has been damaged by sin.
• Penance shows that Gods love is without limits
• Anointing of Sick/Extreme Unction
• The sacrament encourages those who are sick to
  overcome the alienation caused by illness
• Jesus continues to bring healing through the
  prayers of the Church, and through the
  sacraments, especially the Eucharist and the
  Anointing of the Sick

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Sacraments of Healing
Sacrament Essential Sacramental Symbol Minister Repeated?
Penance and Reconciliation Laying on of hands and the words of absolution (forgiveness, I absolve you) Priest (but God forgives) Yes
Anointing of the Sick Anointing with the oil of the sick accompanied by the liturgical prayer of the priest Priest Yes
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Essential Elements of Penance

• The acts of the person who undergoes conversion
• Contrition
• Confession
• Satisfaction
• The intervention of the Church
• Absolution from the priest
• All Catholics are required to go to confession at
  least once per year to confess serious sins

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God Alone Forgives Sin

• Christian life is marked by lifelong conversion
• Even though forgiveness is expressed through the
  Church and this Sacrament, God alone forgives sin

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History of Anointing of the Sick

• In the Middle Ages the sacrament was administered
  only to the dying and was called Extreme Unction
  the Last Anointing.
• Viaticum is the final reception of the
  Eucharist.
• Since Vatican II, this sacrament is celebrated
  for those suffering from serious illness, for the
  elderly, for those facing major surgery -- and
  for the dying.

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IX. Sacraments of Vocation/Commitment

• These sacraments are directed toward the
  salvation of others, not toward those receiving
  the sacraments.

Matrimony
Holy Orders
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Sacraments of Vocation/Commitment
Sacrament Essential Sacramental Symbol Minister Repeated?
Holy Orders Laying on of hands and the prayer of consecration asking for the gifts specific to that order Bishop No
Matrimony Exchange of marriage vows, ring The couple being married No, unless a spouse dies
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Holy Orders

• The ministerial priesthood
• Sacramental ordination consecrates certain
  baptized men to one of three degrees of a sacred
  order
• Episcopate bishops
• Presbyterate priests
• Diaconate deacons

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Matrimony

• Marriage is a sacred covenant --that is an
  agreement between the husband and wife, and
  between the couple and God.

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Matrimony

• From the time of creation, marriage has been an
  institution established by God, not by man.
• Sacramental marriage was modeled on the
  relationship between Christ and the Church
• The goodness of Marriage includes
• The procreation of children.
• The chastity of the spouses and their fidelity to
  each other.
• The indissoluble union of marriage.

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The Essential Rite of Matrimony

• The essential element of Matrimony is the mutual
  consent to marry.
• The words of consent must be freely given.
• Catholics must marry in the presence of a priest
  or a deacon, and in the presence of two
  witnesses.
• The spouses themselves are the ministers of the
  sacrament.

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Matrimony

• The family is called the domestic Church. The
  family is a living witness and testimony of
  eternal, unbreakable, and boundless love that the
  couple (and their children) give to one another
  and to the world.

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X. The Seven Sacraments

• The sacraments celebrate Jesus as the Way, the
  Truth, and the Life.
• The sacraments are a way for us to live life to
  the fullest.
• The sacraments are the way to allow Jesus to
  touch our lives.
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