Rocks

1
Rocks The Rock Cycle
2
Notes

• The Rock Cycle Notes - Advanced
• Write the definition of a rock
• Rocks - A solid, naturally occurring mineral or
  mineral-like substance.

3
Read me Rocks vs Minerals

• MINERALS
• NATURALLY FORMED OF ELEMENTS OR COMPOUNDS
• INORGANIC SOLID
• HAVE CRYSTALS
• NOT MADE OF ROCKS
• HAS A DEFINITE CHEMICAL MAKEUP

• ROCKS
• SOLID MIXTURE OF MINERALS
• MAY BE ORGANIC
• Forms naturally

4
Rocks vs Minerals

• MINERALS ARE CLASSIFIED BY
• CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

5
Rocks vs Minerals

• ROCKS ARE
• -CLASSIFIED BY HOW THEY ARE FORMED

• EACH TYPE OF ROCK IDENTIFIED BY
• -COMPOSITION what minerals the rock is made of.
• -TEXTUREsizes, shapes and positions of grains in
  the rocks

6
What rocks are made of

• THE COMPOSITION OF ROCKS IS DETERMINED
• -BY THE KIND OF MINERALS
• -THE AMOUNT MINERALS THAT MAKE IT UP

7
TYPES OF ROCKS

• TYPES OF ROCKS
• 1.) IGNEOUS
• SEDIMENTARY
• METAMORPHIC

8

• FORMED WHEN MAGMA or LAVA COOLS AND HARDENS
  (SOLIDIFIES)
• 2 TYPES
• 1. INTRUSIVE inside earth
• MAGMA COOLS SLOWLY BENEATH EARTHS SURFACE
• LARGER CRYSTALS
• COARSE GRAINED (TEXTURE)
• 2. EXTRUSIVE outside earths surface
• LAVA COOLS QUICKLY ON THE SURFACE
• SMALLER CRYSTALS
• FINE GRAINED (TEXTURE)

9

• Key Words ALL TYPES OF ROCKS CAN BE CHANGED INTO
  IGNEOUS ROCK BY MELTING COOLING OF ANY ROCK

10
Examples Obsidian, Granite

• KEY WORDS

• MELTING and COOLING

11

• 2. Sedimentary Rocks-
• FORMED WHEN ROCKS ARE
• WEATHERED AND ERODED,
• (Then) SEDIMENTS get COMPACTed AND CEMENTed into
  SOLID ROCKs

12

• 3 TYPES of Sedimentary rocks
• A. ORGANIC FOSSILIZED REMAINS OF PLANTS OR
  ANIMALS
• B. CLASTIC FRAGMENTS OF OTHER ROCK ARE COMPACTED
  TOGETHER
• C. CHEMICAL SEDIMENTS ARE GLUED TOGETHER BY
  DISSOLVED MINERALS
• (write in space at bottom)-TEXTURE IS DETERMINED
  BY THE
• SIZE OF PARTICLES OF SEDIMENT

13

• ALL TYPES OF ROCKS CAN BE CHANGED INTO
  SEDIMENTARY ROCK BY
• -WEATHERING, EROSION, SEDIMENTS COMPACTING
  CEMENTING TOGETHER

14
Sedimentary Rocks
KEY WORDS WEATHERING and EROSION COMPACTING
and CEMENTING
15
Examples of Sedimentary rocks

• SANDSTONE
• LIMESTONE
• COAL
• CONGLOMERATE

16

• 3.METAMORPHIC FORMED WHEN EXISTING ROCK IS
  CHANGED INTO NEW ROCK BY THE HEATING OF THE ROCK
  AND PRESSURE FROM OTHER ROCKS
• AROUND IT.
• 2 TYPES of Metamorphic
• A. FOLIATED CRYSTALS ALIGNED
• IN LAYERS
• B. NON-FOLIATED CRYSTALS ARRANGED
• IN RANDOM MANNER

17

• ALL TYPES OF ROCKS CAN BE CHANGED INTO
  METAMORPHIC ROCK BY HEAT AND PRESSURE

18

• KEY WORDS

• HEAT and PRESSURE

19
Examples of metamorphic rocks

• Soap stone

• Gniess

20
Rock Cycle
21
THE ROCK CYCLE

• One of the cycles of nature that continually
  recycles rocks materials that make up Earths
  crust

limestone
marble
siltstone
shale
gneiss
slate
22
ROCK CYCLE

• There are many different paths a rock may follow
  to go through the process of changing from one
  type of rock to another

23
THE ROCK CYCLE
Gneiss (m)
Schist (m)
Phyllite (m)
Slate (m)
Shale (s)
Siltstone (s)
24
THE ROCK CYCLE
Granite (i)
Sandstone (s)
Quartzite (m)
25
The color of rocks may be different because of
the minerals or other substances that make it up.
Breccia Sedimentary
Gneiss Metamorphic
Quartzite Metamorphic
Granite Igneous
26

• 1. Extrusive Igneous http//www.kitsch.net/lavawa
  lker/ 2. Intrusive igneoushttp//nature.berkele
  y.edu/classes/eps2/wisc/Lect3.html3.
  Sedimentary scroll down for diagramshttp//www.th
  eapproachinghour.com/earth/earth/the_layers_and_th
  e_internal_structure_of_earth.asp
• 4. http//en.m.wikibooks.org/wiki/High_School_Eart
  h_Science/Sedimentary_RocksSandstone5.
  Organic...why coal is coolhttp//geology.com/arti
  cles/coal-through-a-microscope.shtml6.
  Metamorphic rock formationhttp//www.docbrown.inf
  o/page21/GeoChangesANS06.htmhttp//elearning.stk
  c.go.th/lms/html/earth_science/LOcanada2/207/1_en.
  htm