INTD 54

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INTD 54 fabric
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• textiles textile products
• textile
• originally applied to woven fabrics
• now generally applied to any flexible material
  that is composed of
• thin films of polymers
• fibers, yarns, or fabrics
• products made of films, fibers, yarns or fabrics

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• textiles textile products
• fiber
• natural or manufactured
• smallest componenthairlike in naturethat can be
  separated from a fabric
• can be
• absorbentcotton or rayon
• stretchyspandex
• warm bulkywool
• very strong abrasion resistantnylon or
  polyester

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textile fibers and their properties
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• fiber properties
• predicting and understanding fabric performance
  begins with the fiber
• fiber properties are determined by their
• physical structure
• chemical composition
• molecular arrangement

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fiber properties physical structure LENGTH fibe
rs are sold by the fiber producer as staple,
filament or filament tow stapleshort fibers,
measured in inches or centimeters except for
silk, all natural fibers are in staple form
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fiber properties physical structure filamentlon
g, continuous fiber strands of indefinite length,
measured in miles or kilometers may be
monofilament or multifilament may be smooth or
bulked
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• textiles textile products
• yarn
• assemblage of fibers
• twisted or laid together to form a continuous
  strand that can be made into a textile fabric
• can be used to make fabric
• smooth slicksatin
• soft fuzzybrushed denim

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• textiles textile products
• fabric
• flexible planar substance constructed from
  solutions, fibers, yarns, or fabrics in any
  combination
• range from
• lightweight and sheerchiffon
• heavy and sturdydenim
• rigid and firmcarpeting

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• woven fabrics
• made with two or more sets of yarns interlaced at
  right angles
• warp yarnsyarns in lengthwise direction (ends)
• filling yarnsyarns in crosswise direction (weft)
• common characteristics
• made with two or more sets of yarns interlaced at
  right angles
• many different interlacing patterns give interest
  and texture to fabric
• yarns can be raveled from adjacent sides
• fabrics have grain
• fabrics are relatively stable, with little
  stretch in warp or filling

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knitting formation of a fabric by the
interlooping of one or more sets of yarns using
needles many knits made with only one yarn
set do not expect to find yarns in both
lengthwise crosswise directionsyarns interloop
instead of interlock complete products can be
produced or fashioned directly on knitting machine
http//www.youtube.com/watch?v14Ojk9TfHuAfeature
related
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• textiles textile products
• coloration
• any dyeing or printing process used to add color
  with dyes or pigments to a textile
• adds interest and appeal to apparel and interiors

http//www.youtube.com/watch?v7z6B7ismg3k
http//www.youtube.com/watch?v6PUZRhskYN0
http//www.youtube.com/watch?vcFH5ijdhu4A
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• dyeing printing
• color is one of the most significant factors in
  the appeal marketability of textile products
• manner in which color is added to a textile and
  the chemical nature of the colorant contribute to
  products
• appearance
• performance
• rate of response to fashion change
• quality
• cost

http//www.youtube.com/watch?vKkFc0JNsmO0
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• textiles textile products
• finish
• any process that modifies appearance or enhance
  performance of gray goods
• comfortbrushing velveteen to make softer surface
• performancestain-resistance

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• finishingan overview
• finishany process that is done to fiber, yarn or
  fabric either before or after fabrication to
  change
• appearancewhat is seen
• handwhat is felt
• performance what fabric does
• all finishing processes add to cost

http//www.youtube.com/watch?vvVukT9YFoggNR1
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• care of textile products
• care describes
• the cleaning procedures used to remove soil
  return products to new or nearly new condition
• appropriate storage conditions
• important aspect to consider for textile products
• storage conditions may influence
• appearance
• quality
• performance
• incorrect storage may result in
• permanently set wrinkles
• discoloration
• dye or print transfer
• damage from insects, mold or heat
• acid degradation

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• soil soil removal
• soil is any substance not intended to be on a
  textileclassified into several categories bases
  on
• type
• how it is held on fabric
• EXAMPLES
• gum, mud, waxheld on mechanically removed
  mechanically by scraping or agitation
• lint dustheld on by electrostatic forces
  removed by water which neutralizes charge
• coffee other beverageswater-soluble thus
  dissolves in water

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other cleaning methodscarpets
upholstery vacuuminguses suction to pull
particulate soil from carpeting, upholstered
furniture wall or window coverings wet
cleaninguses water-based detergents in foam form
has extended drying times dry-foam
cleaningdone by hand with foam sprayed on carpet
or by employing a machine that deposits detergent
solution foam just ahead of agitating brush
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other cleaning methodscarpets
upholstery hot-water extractionfine-spray of
hot-water-detergent solution injected into carpet
then removed almost immediately by powerful
vacuum which also removes soil absorbent powder
cleaningabsorbent powders (combining detergents,
water solvents) sprinkled on surface, worked
into pile or fabric, removed by
vacuuming ultrasonic cleaningrequires special
cleaning facilityhigh frequency sound waves
attract soil and remove it from carpet fibers
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