Teams%20and%20Teamwork

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Teams and Teamwork

• Kenneth M. York, John W. Henke, Jr. and Cynthia
  E. Miree

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• Purpose
• How to work effectively in teams.
• How to be an effective Team Leader
• Agenda
• Teams and teamwork skills
• Self-Directed Teams
• Guidelines for effective teams
• Team exercises

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Background on Teams
25 Years Ago Teams Were Considered
Innovative Today - Teams are Essential to the
Work Process Teams Tend to Outperform
Individuals When Tasks Require multiple
skills Judgment Experience
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Teams

• Shared purpose or common goal
• People with different abilities, talents,
  attitudes experience, background--but common goal
• People have to work together
• Different viewpoints, knowledge, skills needed to
  achieve the goal
• Payoff/benefit for everyone on the team
• Job is easier, organization more effective

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Benefits of Teams
Flexibility Responsiveness to Changing
Environments Higher Job Satisfaction Increased
Efficiency Enhanced Organizational
Performance Pools resources among team members
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Examples of Work Teams
Unit or Functional Teams Cross-Unit or Cross
Functional Teams Problem-Solving
Teams Leadership Teams Self-Directed Teams
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Self-Directed Work Teams

• Team members 100 responsible for their actions
• No managers or supervisors directing,
  controlling, limiting them
• Every team member is 100 accountable to the team
  for the team meeting its goals
• Manage themselves
• Do all the things managers and supervisors do
  budgeting, scheduling, training, conducting
  performance appraisals, assigning merit
  increases, hiring, discipline

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Self-Directed Work Teams

• Manage their work
• Planning and production of a product or service
• Meet frequently to coordinate work, solve
  problems, handle interpersonal issues, or perform
  administrative tasks any team member can call a
  meeting
• Manage their relationships
• Responsible for customer satisfaction, supplier
  relations, quality, delivery, etc.
• Select their own leaders
• May start with leader appointed by management,
  then select own, may rotate leaders

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Self-Directed Work Teams

• Highly trained
• Best predictor of success is training
• May seek help
• May have coaches or advisors or facilitators with
  special expertise
• Work together at same place and time
• Work with one another on a regular basis
• 5-12 members

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Organizations Call Them Self-Directed Teams

• At Oakland theyre called Group Work

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• Break up into 6 teams of 4-5 people.
• Think about your last few group projects.
• Develop a list of problems you encountered
• while working in a group.
• (Take about 5 minutes)

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Self-Directed Work Teams
HOW TO BESUCCESSFUL WITH GROUP WORK
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Teams and Teamwork Skills

• Team Collaboration
• Working together to discuss ideas and generate
  outcomes
• Team Constitution
• Teams policies and rules
• Team Consensus
• Reach decisions that all members can support and
  be committed to
• Team Cooperation in Dealing with Conflict
• Constructive clash of opinion

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Teams and Teamwork Skills

• Team Collaboration
• Working together to discuss ideas and generate
  outcomes
• Team Constitution
• Teams policies and rules
• Team Consensus
• Reach decisions that all members can support and
  be committed to
• Team Cooperation in Dealing with Conflict
• Constructive clash of opinion

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Icebreakers

• Icebreakers are useful ways to
• Introduce people to one another
• Break down interpersonal barriers
• Focus the attention of team members on a common
  task or objective
• Provide a common experience as a base for
  learning
• Used when group first forms or as a re-energizer

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Icebreaker Things in Common

• Two are alike and one is different
• Find two things you all have in common
• Find one thing that is different for everyone in
  the team

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• Cultural Connection
• Please share your country or origin and the
  meaning of
• your name with your group members.
• Teams are most effective when people have
  something in common
• and each person brings something different to the
  group

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Team Members Roles and Responsibilities

• Task Specialist
• PROBLEM SOLVER
• ACTIVE PARTICIPANT
• Participate in the selection of items on which to
  work
• Gather, prioritize, and analyze data
• Complete assigned tasks in a timely manner
• Attend and participate in all team meetings

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Team members roles continued

• Assist the team leader and other team members as
  needed
• Encourage and support other team members
• Identify opportunities for improvement
• Help team recommend corrective actions to
  management
• Track the effectiveness of solutions
• Share experience and knowledge

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Team Leaders Role

• Has additional responsibilities of LEADERSHIP
• Leads the team meetings according to agenda
• Leads the team through the process
• Teaches/Refreshes the tools and techniques of
  quality improvement, problem solving, etc.

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Team Leaders Responsibilities

• Communicates team progress to the team
• Communicates / coordinates with supervisor and
  facilitator
• Shares experience and knowledge
• Fulfills administrative duties
• Does not do all team tasks delegate tasks to
  encourage participation

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• Effective Team Leaders should know and be able to
  communicate answers to these basic questions
• Purpose What is our goal?
• Agenda How do we get there?
• Benefits Why are we doing it?
• Roles What is expected of us?
• Problem Solving What happens if things go
  wrong?
• Support Who helps us?

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Social-emotional Support Person
Provides support to team by encouraging team
harmony.
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Team Leader (1 person)
Tour of the World Presentation Sharing the
News Company Presentation
Socio-emotional support person(s) 1-2 people
Task Specialists (everyone)
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Teams and Teamwork Skills

• Team Collaboration
• Working together to discuss ideas and generate
  outcomes
• Team Constitution
• Teams policies and rules
• Team Consensus
• Reach decisions that all members can support and
  be committed to
• Team Cooperation in Dealing with Conflict
• Constructive clash of opinion

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Team Constitution

• Mutually agreed rules for all members
• Examples
• Come to all meetings on time and be prepared.
• Complete your assignments on time.
• Leave your rank/attitude outside the room.
• Respect what others team members say.
• When you disagree, hear someone out, present your
  views, and then try to find a solution.
• All meetings will start on-time and end on-time.

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Teams and Teamwork Skills

• Team Collaboration
• Working together to discuss ideas and generate
  outcomes
• Team Constitution
• Teams policies and rules
• Team Consensus
• Reach decisions that all members can support and
  be committed to
• Team Cooperation in Dealing with Conflict
• Constructive clash of opinion

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Problem Solving Process

• STEP 1 Identify the problem / issue
• STEP 2 Label the problem
• STEP 3 Analyze the cause of the problem
• STEP 4 Explore potential solutions to the
  problem
• STEP 5 Decide the best solution to solve the
  problem
• STEP 6 Create and follow an action plan to
  implement the best solution

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Teams and Teamwork Skills

• Team Collaboration
• Working together to discuss ideas and generate
  outcomes
• Team Constitution
• Teams policies and rules
• Team Consensus
• Reach decisions that all members can support and
  be committed to
• Team Cooperation in Dealing with Conflict
• Constructive clash of opinion

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Conflict Resolution Principles

• Step 1 Welcome differences
• Step 2 React positively
• Step 3 Use empathy
• Step 4 Use positive feedback
• Step 5 Confront problems
• Step 6 Negotiate solutions together
• Helpful Hint Seek outside help before its too
  late

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Teams and Teamwork Skills

• Team Collaboration
• Working together to discuss ideas and generate
  outcomes
• Team Constitution
• Teams policies and rules
• Team Consensus
• Reach decisions that all members can support and
  be committed to
• Team Cooperation in Dealing with Conflict
• Constructive clash of opinion

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Seven Practices of Highly Successful Teams

• Commitment to a clear mission
• Mutual support and encouragement
• Clearly defined roles
• Win-Win cooperation
• Individual competency
• Empowering communication
• Winning Attitude

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Four Ways to Encourage Teamwork

• 1. People act out of the way they (not I) look
  at life
• To motivate them, you have to understand their
  personal
• motivations
• 2. Individual uniqueness should be explored and
  highlighted
• The source of personal energy is each
  individuals
• special talents and knowledge

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Four Ways to Encourage Teamwork

• 3. Unmotivated individuals are not bad people,
  just discouraged
• The cure for discouraged individuals is
  encouragement
• 4. People are viewed as being responsible for
  their actions

I need support!
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Ensuring Your Teams Success

• Use icebreakers
• Decide on Team Constitution
• Set semester agenda / Meeting agendas
• Use problem solving process
• Follow teamwork encouragement practices
• Implement practices of highly successful teams
• Meet your individual responsibilities

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Guidelines for Team Meetings

• Respect each person
• Share responsibilities
• Question and participate
• Keep an open mind
• Listen constructively
• Criticize only ideas, not people
• Attend all meetings

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Where to read more

• Scholtes, P. R. (1988). The team handbook.
  Madison, WI Joiner Associates.
• Fisher, B. and Thomas, B. (1996). Real dream
  teams Seven practices used by world class team
  leaders to achieve extraordinary results. Delray
  Beach, FL St. Lucie Press.
• Losoncy, L. W. (1995). The motivating team
  leader. Delray Beach, FL St. Lucie Press.
• Maginn, M. D., (1994). Effective teamwork. Burr
  Ridge, IL Irwin.