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• Directions Press F5 to begin the slide show.
  Press the enter key to view each part of the
  review.

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Subjects and Predicates

• Grades Seven

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What is a Sentence?

• A sentence is a group of words that contains two
  things
• A subject (the doer of the action)
• A verb (the action or condition)
• A sentence must express a complete thought.

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What is a Sentence?

• This is a complete sentence.
• The elephant played.
• The verb is played. This is an action verb.
• The subject is elephant because it is doing the
  playing.

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What is a Sentence?

• This is not a
• complete sentence.
• Ex. Building a sandcastle.
• The verb is building.
• In this sentence no one is doing this action
  therefore, there is no subject.

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The Predicate

• Predicate is a fancy word for verb. That means
  that a predicate can include
• 1. action verbs
• 2. linking verbs
• 3. verbs of condition
• 4. helping verbs
• To find the predicate in the sentence, look for
  any verbs that you have learned.

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The Complete Predicate

• The complete predicate begins with the first verb
  and includes all words following it. The actual
  verb or verb phrase is called the simple
  predicate.
• Ex. The tall girls played a game of basketball.
• The verb is an action verb. It is played.
  That makes it the simple predicate.
• Everything that follows played is a part
  of the complete predicate. That means it
  includes the words played a game of
  basketball.

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The Compound Predicate

• A compound predicate would contain more than one
  main verb. Compounds are connected by
  conjunctions such as and, but, or, for, nor, yet,
  or so.
• Ex. I first walked and then ran down the street.
• (Walked is one main verb and ran is
  another.)
• Ex. I have seen the film and enjoyed it.
• (Have seen is one verb and enjoyed is
  another.)
• Ex. I have seen the movie.
• (This sentence Does NOT contain a compound
  predicate. Have seen is one verb phrase.
  Seen is the only main verb.)

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The Subject

• The subject of the sentence must be a
• 1. noun (person, place, or thing)
• 2. pronoun ( a word that takes the place of a
  person, place, or thing.)
• The subject is called the doer of the action.

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The Subject

• To find the subject of the sentence you must
• 1. Find the verb
• 2. Ask who? or what? before it
• Ex. Mary threw the ball.
• Step one Find the verb. It is threw.
• Step two Ask who? or what? before
  it. Who threw?
• The answer is Mary therefore, Mary
  is the subject of the sentence.

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The Subject

• Try to find this subject
• Ex. On the table lay a pencil.
• Step one find the verb. It is lay.
• Step two Ask who? or what? before it.
  Who lay? What lay? The answer is pencil
  therefore, pencil is the subject of the
  sentence.

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The Complete Subject

• The complete subject includes all words up until
  the verb begins. Within the complete subject,
  there will be the main subject called a simple
  subject.
• Ex. The tall girls played a game.
• The verb is played, so you would divide
  directly in front of played. That means the
  complete subject includes the words The tall
  girls.
• Within these words is the simple subject which
  tells who actually played. The simple subject is
  girls since it answered the question, Who
  played?

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The Compound Subject

• A compound subject would contain more than one
  doer of the action. Often they are connected
  by conjunctions such as and, but, or, for, nor,
  yet, or so.
• Ex. The boys and the girls saw the play.
• (Both boys and girls answer the question
  of Who saw? That means both of them are
  subjects of this sentence. They are compound.)

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Sentence Order

• Natural order means that the subject comes before
  the verb in the sentence.
• Ex. A horse ran in the field.
• (Subject horse Verb ran)
• Inverted order means that the subject does NOT
  come before the verb in the sentence.
• Ex. In the field ran a horse.
• (Subject horse Verb ran)

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Sentence Order - Questions

• In a question that contains a single verb, the
  subject may be an interrogative pronoun if that
  pronoun would be taking the place of the answer
  to the question.
• Ex. Who is speaking?
• (The verb is is speaking. Would the answer
  to the question tell who is speaking? Yes, it
  would. That means the pronoun which takes that
  nouns place is your subject.
• Who is an interrogative pronoun replacing
  that persons name. Who is your subject.

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Sentence Order - Questions

• In a question that contains a verb phrase,
  typically a verb phrase splits apart and the
  subject is located between the parts of the verb.
• Ex. Have you talked to your Mom?
• (The verb phrase is Have talked. In
  between those two words is the word you.
  Does you tell who talked? Yes, it does.
• That means that you is the subject of the
  sentence.)

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Sentence Order - Commands

• A command tells you to do something. These are
  called imperative sentences.
• The subject of every command in the English
  language is the word you.
• Ex. Close the door.
• (You is the subject.)
• Ex. Open the window.
• (You is the subject.)
• Ex. Answer me!
• (You is the subject.)

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Sentence Order - Expletives

• Expletives are words that have no meaning. They
  serve no purpose in a sentence.
• The words there and here in the beginning of
  a sentence are usually expletives since they are
  not needed in the sentence.
• There and here will never be subjects of a
  sentence. Sentences that have these words at the
  beginning have inverted order. Their subjects
  will come later in the sentence.
• Ex. Here are the pencils.
• (Pencils is the subject.)
• Ex. There are fourteen lines in a sonnet.
• ( Lines is the subject.)

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• This completes the review of subjects and
  predicates.
• Additional review can be done in the review
  folders housed in 106 and the library.