OR-OSHA 116 Safety and Health Program Evaluation. Thi

1
Welcome The ability to identify, analyze and
evaluate your companys Safety and Health Program
in an effort to fix the system is extremely
important to the long-term success of your
organization. This workshop will take a look at
the program evaluation process. To better
understand the concept of system, well review
the three components that exist in every system.
Well also examine how an organizations
management structure, leadership style and the
resulting safety culture impact the seven
elements of a safety and health system. Well
overview the evaluation process of identifying
and analyzing the symptoms and underlying causes
of ailing safety systems, and making judgments
about their effectiveness. Finally, well apply
all of this information by conducting a group
exercise to evaluate your company's safety and
health plan. During this workshop there will
be ample opportunity to participate and share
your knowledge and experience with others.
Remember, the more you participate the more you
will get out of this training.
Workshop Goals 1. Gain a better understanding
of safety and health programs as systems. 2.
Learn about a systematic approach to evaluating
and improving your companys safety and health
program. 3. Better understand Oregon OSHAs
Safety and Health Achievement Program (SHARP) and
the Voluntary Protection Program (VPP-STAR).
Form Evaluation Teams Introductions! Elect a
Team Leader _______________________
______ Select a Team Spokesperson
_____________________________ Everyone is a Team
Recorder _____________________________
Please Note This material or any other material
used to inform employers of compliance
requirements of Oregon OSHA standards through
simplification of the regulation should not be
considered a substitute for any provisions of the
Oregon Safe Employment Act or for any standards
issued by Oregon OSHA.
2
What do the rules say about "evaluating" safety
and health programs?
OAR 437, Div 1, Rule 765(6)(d)(A) Hazard
assessment and control. The safety committee
shall assist the employer in evaluating the
employer's accident and illness prevention
program, and shall make written recommendations
to improve the program where applicable.
What safety committee role works best to fulfill
these responsibilities? Consultant Cop Why?
_________________________________________________
________ _________________________________________
______________________
OAR 437, Div 1, Rule 765(e) Safety and health
planning. The safety committee shall establish
procedures for the review of all safety and
health inspection reports made by the committee.
Based on the results of the review, the committee
shall make recommendations for improvement of the
employer's accident and illness prevention
program.
What two important safety committee
responsibilities are stated in this rule?
_________________________________________________
_______________________ __________________________
______________________________________________
OAR 437, Div 1, Rule 765(f) Accountability The
safety committee shall evaluate the employer's
accountability system and make recommendations to
implement supervisor and employee accountability
for safety and health.
What "supervisor and employee accountability for
safety and health" mean? _______________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
______________________
3
A tale of two cultures Youre a safety
management consultant that has recently assisted
two companies, XYZ Widget and ABC Wombat, design
effective safety management systems. As you can
imagine, there are slight differences in the
design of the two systems, but for the most part,
the comprehensive written plans look quite
similar on paper. After a year, you return to
XYZ Widget to find their system is producing
spectacular results. The safety committee is
well staffed, motivated, and producing impressive
results. Injury rates have dropped dramatically.
However, ABC Wombat is another story. A visit
to this company quickly uncovers a system that is
a dismal failure. Although the safety committee
does meet once a month, the meeting is poorly
attended and it results in few, if any,
improvements. Injury rates have actually
increased. Morale has not improved and is
actually down in some departments. Turnover
remains high and overall productivity is down 5.
If both companies have virtually the same
safety plan sitting on a shelf, why are the
outcomes so different? __________________________
____________________________________ _____________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
_________________________ ________________________
______________________________________
How does the principle below apply to the
scenario? Every system is designed perfectly
to produce what its producing
_________________________________________________
_____________ ____________________________________
__________________________ _______________________
_______________________________________
To learn how a system works, try to change it.

4
Every safety and health program is a system with
inputs, processes, and outputs.
Processes
Inputs
Outputs
Inputs - Resources from other management
systems Tools Equipment Machinery Materials
Facilities People Time Money

Processes - Using available resources Planning
safety into the vision, mission, objectives,
strategies, programs, budgets. Designing
effective proactive safety and health
plans. Leading people by example - commitment,
caring, communication Managing programs and
controlling safety activities. Educating and
training everyone about safety and health.
Identifying, measuring, and analyzing behaviors,
conditions, results - fact finding. Recognizing
and rewarding desired behaviors, activities and
results at all levels. Suggesting changes and
improvements in workplace safety. Participating
in safety committees, teams, surveys, and
projects. Correcting hazardous conditions and
unsafe practices/behaviors. Evaluating
behaviors, activities, performance, results,
systems. Improving safety policies, plans,
processes, procedures, practices.
Outputs - Conditions, Behaviors, Results
Safe/Unsafe conditions Safe/Unsafe
behaviors Many/Few accidents High/Low
costs/savings High/Low morale, trust High/Low
productivity
What do we mean by the statement that "system
processes are interdependent"? __________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________ _______________
__________________________________________________
_____________________________________
5
Without proper nutrition, systems may get sick
A safety management system must have adequate
nutrition in the form of resources or the
resulting outputs may indicate some form of
system illness. Its important to implement an
effective system wellness plan to make sure the
prognosis for the safety management system
remains positive. Thats what evaluation is all
aboutmaintaining system health.
Circle the system component that give the most
clues about its health. Inputs
Processes Outputs What are symptoms of an
ailing system? ___________________________________
____________________________ _____________________
__________________________________________ How
do we usually treat those symptoms? ______________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
_____________ What are the underlying causes of
an ailing system? ________________________________
_______________________________ __________________
____________________________________________ Wha
t is required to bring about a system
cure? ____________________________________________
__________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ __________________
____________________________________________
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Using the Failure Matrix to Evaluate the Safety
Management System
Failure Resources
Process Process Mode
Design Implementation 1.
(-) Inadequate Adequate Adequate
2. (-) Adequate Inadequate
Adequate 3. (-) Adequate
Adequate Inadequate 4. (--)
Adequate Inadequate Inadequate 5.
(--) Inadequate Adequate
Inadequate 6. (--) Inadequate
Inadequate Adequate 7. (---)
Inadequate Inadequate Inadequate
Analyze this! Determine the failure mode for the
scenario below Bob, a maintenance worker who has
been working for the company for 10 years,
received a serious electrical shock while working
on a conveyor belt motor. When asked why he did
not use the companys established lockout/tagout
procedures he acknowledged that he had thought
about it, but that the old procedures hadnt
been used for years, and he had done this same
task many times before. And, besides, the
production manager yelled at him to get the
conveyor running again or its his job because
the whole system was shut down. Failure mode
__________ Justification ___________________
__________________________________________________
____ _____________________________________________
____________________________ _____________________
__________________________________________________
__ _______________________________________________
__________________________
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• Diagnose the underlying cause to determine the
  cure.
• To improve the safety management system, we must
  diagnose and eliminate underlying causes. We
  must evaluate the current system against best
  practices and then implement changes to begin the
  transformation.
• Determine where we are now - analyze!
• What does our safety management system look like
  now?
• Closely examine the outputs of the safety
  management system.
• __________________________________________________
  __________________
• __________________________________________________
  __________________
• Determine best policies and practices for your
  industry - visualize!
• What do we want our safety system to look like?

8
Evaluating Your Company's Safety Management System
This exercise will help us compare and contrast
safety management system processes in each of the
seven elements of the OSHA Safety Management
System Model
Your instructor will assign your group one or
more safety management system elements to
evaluate. Team work ____ 1. Each team
member. Personally evaluate and assign a rating
to each of the Safety Management System Audit
questions in the elements assigned to your group.
____ 2. Each team member. Discuss your
ratings and justifications, in turn, with other
team members. ____ 3. Each team member. Add
up your personal scores to determine the total
score for your team's element(s). ____ 4.
Team. Determine the range (lowest to highest) of
total scores for the team's element(s). ____
5. Team. Discuss possible solutions to problems
identified by team members. ____ 6. Team.
Write other questions that you think would be
important to ask for this element. Class
Discussion ____ 7. Spokesperson. Present a
summary of the problems, solutions and questions
developed by the group. ____ 8. Class.
Question and comment with personal opinion and
experiences related to the team's presentation.
9
The OR-OSHA Model Seven Elements of a Safety
Management System

• Management Commitment
• Accountability
• Employee Involvement
• Hazard Identification and Control
• Incident/Accident Investigation
• Training
• Plan Evaluation

• Safety Management System Evaluation Audit
• Each of the seven safety management system
  elements analyzed in this audit contains
• a number of statements to evaluate using a
  five-point rating system and
• other informational helps specific to the
  element. Use the information below as criteria
  for conducting your evaluation.
• Audit Ratings
• Enter your rating to the left of each statement.
  Use the following guidelines for your rating.
• 5 - Fully Met
• Analysis indicates the condition, behavior, or
  action described in this statement is fully met
  and effectively applied.
• There is room for continuous improvement, but
  workplace conditions and behaviors, indicate
  effective application. (Employees have full
  knowledge and express positive attitudes.
• Employees and managers not only comply, but
  exceed expectations.
• Effective leadership is emphasized and exercised.
  
• Safety policies and standards are clear, concise,
  fair, informative and directive, communicate
  commitment to everyone.
• Results in this area reflect continual
  improvement is occurring.
• This area is fully integrated into line
  management.
• First line management reflect safe attitude and
  behavior. Safety is first priority.

0
5
10

• 3 - Mostly Met
• Analysis indicates the condition, behavior, or
  action described in this statement is adequate,
  but there is still room for improvement.
• Workplace conditions, if applicable, indicate
  compliance in this area.
• Employees have adequate knowledge, express
  generally positive attitudes.
• Some degree of trust between management and labor
  exists.
• Employees and managers comply with standards.
• Leadership is adequate in this area.
• Safety policies and standards are in place and
  are generally clear, concise, fair, informative
  and directive.
• Results in this area is consistently positive,
  but may not reflect continual improvement.
• 1 - Partially Met
• Analysis indicates the condition, behavior, or
  action described in this statement is partially
  met.
• Application is most likely too inadequate to be
  effective.
• Workplace conditions, if applicable, indicate
  improvement is needed in this area.
• Employees lack adequate knowledge, express
  generally negative attitudes.
• Mistrust may exist between management and labor.
• Employees and managers fail to adequately comply
  or fulfill their accountabilities.
• Lack of adequate management and leadership in
  this area.
• Safety policies and standards are in place and
  are generally clear, concise, fair, informative
  and directive.
• Results in this area are inconsistent, negative,
  and does not reflect continual improvement.

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• Indicators. To help you arrive at a score for
  each statement, analyze these indicators to more
  accurately determine the rating for each
  statement.
• Standards. Analyze system inputs - policies,
  plans, programs, budgets, processes, procedures,
  appraisals, job descriptions, rules.
  Informative/directive, clear, concise,
  communicated inputs indicate probable
  effectiveness.
  __________________________________________________
  __________________________________________________
  __________________________________________________
  ____
• Conditions. Inspect the workplace for hazards.
  The absence of physical hazards and psychosocial
  hazards indicates effectiveness.
  
  
  ________________________________________________
  __________________________________________________
  __________________________________________________
  ______
• Behaviors, actions. Observe both employee and
  manager behaviors. Consistent appropriate
  behavior and adherence to safety and health
  rules, indicate effectiveness.  
  
  
  ______________________________________
  __________________________________________________
  __________________________________________________
  ________________
• Knowledge, attitudes. Analyze what employees are
  thinking by conducting a survey. Full knowledge,
  positive attitudes, high trust and low fear
  indicate effectiveness.
  
  
  __________________________________________________
  __________________________________________________
  __________________________________________________
  ____
• Results. Analyze accident trends, MOD rates, etc.
  Continually improving results indicate
  effectiveness. ___________________________________
  __________________________________________________
  __________________________________________________
  ___________________

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ELEMENT 1 - MANAGEMENT COMMITMENT 1. ____ A
written policy that sets a high priority for
safety and health exists. An effective policy
will be both informative and directive. It will
express a commitment to safety and the intent of
the company to carry out the policy. A written
policy will clarify expectations. The policy will
be accessible to all employees. "Safety First"
will be meaningful only if management doesn't
reprioritize safety down when the going gets
tough. Prioritizing safety may also have the
affect of communicating the message that either
safety or production is the top priority. Safety
is considered a corporate value and is not
prioritized over production. Justification for
rating __________________________________________
_________________ ________________________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
_______________________________ Ideas to take
back ___________________________________________
___________________ ______________________________
__________________________________________________
_ ________________________________________________
_________________________________ 2. ____ A
written safety and health goal and supporting
objectives exist. Each of the seven safety
program elements will contain certain goals and
supporting objectives. A goal describes an
end-state. Objectives should be (1) measurable
(2) observable, and (3) completed within a time
frame. For instance, a safety goal might be to,
"Increase employee involvement in safety." A
supporting safety objective would be, "Complete
joint supervisor/employee job hazard analyses on
all jobs in Plant A by July 30th, 2000." Written
plans containing goals and objectives are better
able to communicate purpose and function clearly.
Consequently, duties, responsibilities, criteria,
specifications, and expectations will be more
effectively met in a consistent manner throughout
the entire organization. Justification for
rating __________________________________________
_________________ ________________________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
_______________________________ Ideas to take
back ___________________________________________
___________________ ______________________________
__________________________________________________
_ ________________________________________________
_________________________________
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3. ____ The workplace safety and health policy
is supported by management. What does that
support look like? Support needed for an
effective safety and health program must include
a substantial commitment to safety. Top
management commitment must go beyond "lip
service." It's more than just moral
support...just talking up safety. Management
needs to walk the talk by investing serious time,
their own and staff, and money into proactive
safety initiatives. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________ 4. ____ Safety and
health goals and objectives are supported by
management. Goals and objectives are created by
management and workers. If your primary safety
goal is "zero accidents," management will
establish objectives to achieve that goal. One
objective to reach this goal might be, "Train all
employees on proper lifting techniques by
December 30." Management will then support this
objective by developing an effective training
system. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________ 5. ____ Management
supports safety and health rules. Management best
supports safety and health rules by educating all
employees on those rules and insisting that
everyone, at all organizational levels, follow
those rules. Management must also provide
everyone with the resources necessary for
compliance. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________
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6. ____ Managers personally follow safety and
health rules. Management can not expect employees
to follow safety rules if they, themselves, do
not. If supervisors and managers ignore safety
rules, they actually "rewrite" those
rules. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________ 7. ____ Managers
personally intervene in the safety behavior of
others. Supervisors and managers, as agents of
the employer, are responsible to personally
intervene when they see an employee performing
unsafe behaviors. They must stop the unsafe
behavior, find out why it occurred, and do
whatever it takes to make sure it doesn't happen
again. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________ 8. ____ Managers
set a visible example of safety and health
leadership. Management and leadership are not the
same. Management is an organizational skill.
Leadership is a human relations skill. Leaders
establish positive relationships with their
followers. The greater the responsibility, the
more opportunity exists to demonstrate safety
leadership. Effective safety programs maximize
opportunities for safety leadership. Setting a
good example is accomplished through action.
Justification for rating _______________________
____________________________________ _____________
__________________________________________________
__________________ _______________________________
__________________________________________________
Ideas to take back ____________________________
__________________________________ _______________
__________________________________________________
________________ _________________________________
________________________________________________
15
9. ____ Managers participate in the safety and
health training of employees. It's smart business
involving supervisors in the safety training
process. A policy of involvement supports the
principle, and communicates to each supervisor
that it's their job to manage safety as well as
production. Employees will more likely perceive
safety as an important area of accountability
when supervisors are directly involved in safety
training. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________ Your total personal
score for this element ________________ Other
team member total scores ---------------------
-----------------------------------
0 5 10
15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Other
Questions to ask in this element ________________
__________________________________________________
_______________ __________________________________
_______________________________________________ __
__________________________________________________
_____________________________ ____________________
__________________________________________________
___________ ______________________________________
___________________________________________ ______
__________________________________________________
_________________________ Be prepared to present
your findings to the class
16
ELEMENT 2 - ACCOUNTABILITY 10. ____
Management enforces safety and health
rules. Safety is too important to "encourage."
Management must insist on it. Enforcing safety
rules requires that management must first (1)
establish clear standards, (2) provide the
resources to achieve those standards, (3) devise
a fair system of measurement against those
standards, (4) design effective consequences, (5)
administer consequences appropriately, and (5)
thorough evaluation of accountability.
Justification for rating _______________________
____________________________________ _____________
__________________________________________________
__________________ _______________________________
__________________________________________________
Ideas to take back ____________________________
__________________________________ _______________
__________________________________________________
________________ _________________________________
________________________________________________
11. ____ Safety and health program tasks are
each specifically assigned to a person or
position for performance or coordination. Line
managers should clearly understand it is their
obligation to perform the daily responsibilities
for safety as well as production. The safety
committee and the safety officer coordinate in a
consultative role. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________
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12. ____ Each assignment of safety and health
responsibility is clearly communicated. Formal
written responsibilities will most clearly assign
safety responsibilities. All employees should be
educated and trained on their responsibilities. Ju
stification for rating __________________________
_________________________________ ________________
__________________________________________________
_______________ __________________________________
_______________________________________________ Id
eas to take back _______________________________
_______________________________ __________________
__________________________________________________
_____________ ____________________________________
_____________________________________________ 13.
____ Individuals with assigned safety and
health responsibilities have the necessary
knowledge, skills, and timely information to
perform their duties. Without the proper
education, individuals will not be competent or
qualified to perform their safety
responsibilities. To determine qualifications,
systems should be in place to measure individual
knowledge and skills. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________
18
14. ____ Individuals with assigned safety and
health responsibilities have the authority to
perform their duties. Accountability follows
control or authority. Supervisors and managers
generally have control/authority over the
physical conditions in the workplace and should
have the authority to successfully carry out
their assigned safety responsibilities to provide
resources, educate and train, recognize,
discipline, etc. Employees generally have
authority/control over their own personal
behavior. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________ 15. ____
Individuals with assigned safety and health
responsibilities have the resources to perform
their duties. Managers and employees depend on
others to provide the resources necessary to
carry out their safety responsibilities. The
employer should develop systems to ensure
management and labor at all levels receive the
necessary resources so that everyone can achieve
established safety standards of behavior and
performance. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________
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16. ____ An accountability mechanism is
included with each assignment of safety and
health responsibility. Safety responsibilities
assigned to each manager, supervisor, and
employee should be tied to appropriate
consequences. If the employee fails to meet
established standards, consistent, fair
corrective actions should be administered. If the
employee meets or exceeds those standards,
positive recognition should occur. Remember, if
you regularly recognize, you'll rarely have to
reprimand. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________ 17. ____
Individuals are recognized and rewarded for
meeting safety and health responsibilities. Recogn
ition -- the expression of appreciation for a job
well done is always appropriate. It provides an
opportunity for leadership. Recognition should
(1) occur soon after the behavior, (2) be certain
-- employees know they will be recognized, and
(3) significant -- a sincere, genuine expression.
The most effective recognition is accomplished in
private. It's personal. Recognition does not
always include reward. Reward -- on the other
hand, is a token or symbol of appreciation. It's
usually tangible. A reward system must be
developed thoughtfully and carried-out carefully
and fair or it will fail. Rewards can be thought
of as "entitlements." Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________
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18. ____ Individuals are held accountable for
safety and health performance. Accountability is
more a function of leadership than management. If
consequences are effective, the end result will
be a positive, character-building experience for
the employee. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________ 19. ____
Supervisors know whether employees are meeting
their safety and health responsibilities. To
accomplish this goal, management must be
adequately supervising or overseeing work being
accomplished. "Super-vision" is required.
Supervision is adequate when hazardous conditions
and unsafe behaviors are being effectively
detected. Supervision is effective when injuries
and illnesses are prevented. Justification for
rating __________________________________________
_________________ ________________________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
_______________________________ Ideas to take
back ___________________________________________
___________________ ______________________________
__________________________________________________
_ ________________________________________________
_________________________________ Your total
personal score for this element
________________ Other team member total scores
------------------------------------------------
-------------
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
35 40 45 50 Other Questions to ask in
this element ____________________________________
_____________________________________________ ____
__________________________________________________
___________________________ ______________________
__________________________________________________
_________ Be prepared to present your findings
to the class
21
ELEMENT 3 - EMPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT 20. ____
There is a process designed to involve employees
in safety and health issues. Enough can't be said
about the importance of employee involvement in
safety. The more involvement, the more ownership.
When employees believe they own it, they will
value it. Management must develop a system that
invests time and money in employee involvement in
safety. The system should include and encourage
involvement in safety education, membership in
the safety committee, making safety suggestions,
and communication. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________ 21. ____ Employees
are aware of the safety and health involvement
process at the workplace. Employees have been
educated about the various ways they may be
involved in safety. When asked, employees know
who their safety committee representative is.
They understand safety suggestion program
procedures. They participate in job hazard
analyses. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________
22
22. ____ Employees believe the process that
involves them in safety and health issues is
effective. Safety must be perceived as a positive
system or it will not succeed. Employees will
believe the process is effective when the safety
and health system operates in a culture of safety
leadership. Managers, supervisors, employees all
express leadership by not only doing the right
things, but doing the right things right!
Managers will provide resources, recognize,
correct, set a proper example. The safety
committee will respond, provide useful
information, make effective recommendations.
Bottom-line, the employee will perceive the
system as effective when they experience the
benefits. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________ 23. ____ The
workplace safety and health policy is effectively
communicated to employees. When asked, employees
are able to answer questions about the workplace
safety and health policy. Policy is communicated
formally through written statements and
presentations. Policy is communicated and
reinforced informally through what managers say
and do daily. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________
23
24. ____ The workplace safety and health policy
is supported by employees. Employees at all
levels of the company are involved in some or all
of the elements of the safety and health program.
They are supporting policy by carrying out their
safety responsibilities. Justification for
rating __________________________________________
_________________ ________________________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
_______________________________ Ideas to take
back ___________________________________________
___________________ ______________________________
__________________________________________________
_ ________________________________________________
_________________________________ 25. ____
Safety and health goals and supporting objectives
are effectively communicated to employees. When
asked, employees are able to correctly answer
questions about the workplace safety and health
goals and objectives. Goals and objectives are
communicated formally in writing and during
educational classes. They are communicated
informally through what managers say and do
daily. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________ 26. ____ Safety and
health goals and objectives are supported by
employees. Employees at all levels of the company
are involved in planning and carrying-out goals
and objectives. They are supporting goals and
objectives by carrying out their related safety
responsibilities. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________
24
27. ____ Employees use the hazard reporting
system. Employees understand and feel comfortable
using the company's hazard reporting system.
Employees report hazards to their supervisors
and/or safety committee representatives.
Reporting hazards in the workplace is encouraged
and considered professional behavior. Hazard
reports are not considered "complaints." Justifica
tion for rating _________________________________
__________________________ _______________________
__________________________________________________
________ _________________________________________
________________________________________ Ideas to
take back ______________________________________
________________________ _________________________
__________________________________________________
______ ___________________________________________
______________________________________ 28. ____
Injury/Illness data analyses are reported to
employees. The OSHA 300 Log and Summary Form is
posted where employees have easy access. The
safety committee reviews the OSHA 300 Log and
other statistical data for trends. Justification
for rating ______________________________________
_____________________ ____________________________
__________________________________________________
___ ______________________________________________
___________________________________ Ideas to take
back ___________________________________________
___________________ ______________________________
__________________________________________________
_ ________________________________________________
_________________________________ 29. ____
Hazard control procedures are communicated to
potentially affected employees. A system to
educate and train affected employees on safety
programs such as Lockout/Tagout, Hazard
Communication, Bloodborne Pathogens, etc., is in
place. When asked, employees are able to
correctly answer questions about hazard control
procedures that affect them. Justification for
rating __________________________________________
_________________ ________________________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
_______________________________ Ideas to take
back ___________________________________________
___________________ ______________________________
__________________________________________________
_ ________________________________________________
_________________________________
25
30. ____ Employees are aware of how to obtain
competent emergency medical care. When asked,
employees are able to correctly answer questions
about how to respond to a workplace emergency. A
system is in place to educate and train all
employees on emergency procedures and how to
obtain emergency medical care. Justification for
rating __________________________________________
_________________ ________________________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
_______________________________ Ideas to take
back ___________________________________________
___________________ ______________________________
__________________________________________________
_ ________________________________________________
_________________________________ Your total
personal score for this element
________________ Other team member total scores
------------------------------------------------
------------------
0 5 10 15
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Other
Questions to ask in this element ________________
__________________________________________________
_______________ __________________________________
_______________________________________________ __
__________________________________________________
_____________________________ ____________________
__________________________________________________
___________ Be prepared to present your findings
to the class
26

• ELEMENT 4 - HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND CONTROL
• 31. ____ A comprehensive baseline hazard survey
  has been conducted within the past five (5)
  years.
• Comprehensive surveys that evaluate the entire
  facility should be periodically conducted.
  Baseline surveys are important workplace
  activities that identify, analyze, and evaluate
  the current status of
• Safe/hazardous conditions. This may include such
  things as chemical inventories, machine guarding,
  housekeeping, exposure to noise and hazardous
  atmospheres (levels). Hazardous conditions
  represent the surface causes for accidents.
• Safe/unsafe work practices. Through observation
  and interviews, the degree of safe employee and
  management-level behaviors is assessed and
  evaluated. Unsafe behaviors also represent the
  surface causes for accidents. Hazardous
  conditions and unsafe practices are really the
  symptoms of deeper root (system) weaknesses.
• Safety program elements. Analysis and evaluation
  of the seven safety and health program elements
  determine how effective current safety and health
  policies, programs, plans, processes, and
  procedures are being developed and implemented.
  These represent the root causes that have allowed
  surface causes to develop and exist. Always
  evaluate systems in your comprehensive baseline
  survey.  
• Justification for rating ________________________
  ___________________________________
• __________________________________________________
  _______________________________
• __________________________________________________
  _______________________________
• Ideas to take back _____________________________
  _________________________________
• __________________________________________________
  _______________________________
• __________________________________________________
  _______________________________

27
32. ____ Effective job hazard analysis (JHA) is
performed, as needed. The Job Hazard Analysis is
a very important and effective process to
determine hazardous conditions, unsafe practices,
and system weaknesses. In this process the
supervisor (or other person) and an employee work
together to analyze the task the worker performs.
The worker is observed performing the task. Next,
they break the task down into steps. At this
point they jointly assess each step to identify
any conditions and practices that might cause an
injury/illness. Next, they work together on means
and methods to eliminate those hazards. They
revise procedures to make the task less
hazardous. The supervisor, safety director, or
safety committee should then take the process to
its completion by uncovering the systems
weaknesses related to the hazards found during
the JHA. It's very important to include the
employee in the JHA process. They know the job
and may have many excellent ideas for
improvement. Including the employee also
increases ownership. We value what we own.
Consequently the employee will be more likely to
use the revised procedures when not being
directly supervised. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________ 33. ____ Effective
safety and health inspections are performed
regularly. How do you know the inspection process
is effective? Hazards, practices and systems are
uncovered, corrected and improved so that they do
not recur. In Oregon, the employer must conduct
regular safety and health inspections of the
workplace. Some employers rely solely on the
safety committee. If the safety committee is not
thoroughly educated and trained, this practice
may not be effective. In fully-effective safety
systems, everyone is involved in the inspection
process. Line workers inspect their work stations
daily. Supervisors inspect their departments as
often as necessary, depending on the nature of
the hazards. Managers conduct inspections of
their various departments with supervisors on a
scheduled basis. They jointly analyze and
evaluate the safety systems in place that affect
those conditions and practices. Justification for
rating __________________________________________
_________________ ________________________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
_______________________________ Ideas to take
back ___________________________________________
___________________ ______________________________
__________________________________________________
_
28
34. ____ Effective surveillance of established
hazard controls is conducted. Once workplace
hazards are corrected, a system must be in place
to make sure they stay corrected. The safety
committee quarterly inspection process can be a
great way to monitor the workplace to ensure
corrective actions are permanently established.
Employee involvement within this process should
be instituted. Justification for rating
__________________________________________________
_________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________
__________________________________________________
_______________________ Ideas to take back
__________________________________________________
____________ _____________________________________
____________________________________________ _____
__________________________________________________
__________________________ 35. ____ Expert
hazard analysis is performed, as
needed. Companies need to utilize third-party
experts to help identify and control hazards in
the workplace. It's important to know that the
workers' compensatio