Global education/geography Unit Dr. Nganga EDEL

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Global education/geography Unit

• Dr. Nganga
• EDEL 4109 Section 50
• Read Chapter 3 Geography pages 65- 86

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Geography

• Definitions-
• study of Earth's physical features the study of
  all the physical features of the Earth's surface,
  including its climate and the distribution of
  plant, animal, and human life
• physical features the physical features of a
  place or region, e.g. mountains and rivers

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Geography

• Geography- Affects plant and animal life as
  well as such aspects of human life as diet,
  prosperity, accessibility, inventions, religion,
  clothing, housing.
• These are all shaped by climate, terrain,
  location, resources ( Fritzer Brewer, 2010,
  p. 65).
• Given its importance- Why do you think the
  authors say Americans seem uninterested in
  Geography?

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Geography standards K- 6th grade

• The five fundamental themes of geography are-
• 1. Location- position on a place on the surface
  of the earth

• 2. Place - Characterized by physical and human
  characteristics- eg. Landforms, water bodies,
  climate, soil, animal life, natural vegetation.
  Also included - human characteristics
• 3. Relationships with places - considers the
  advantages and disadvantages of human settlements
  on the earth and the ways in which people
  modify and adapt the environment of a place.

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Geography

• 4. Movement pertains to how humans interact
  with each other on the earth via the movement of
  people, ideas, goods, services.

• 5. Regions- refer to areas that display unity in
  terms of selected criteria, such as type of
  government, type of landform, language group,
  environmental features, religion.

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The 18 national geography standards

• See handouts given in class

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Geography

• Maps and globes

• What do you know?

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Using Maps and the globe
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Why map skills

• Knowing how to work with maps is a social
  studies skill that everyone must have.
• Why?
• Types of maps

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Using map symbols

• Define Symbol
• List symbols found on a map
• Q. In what ways are maps useful?

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Maps

• What do the following have in common?
• Truck driver
• Explorer
• Pilot
• Treasure hunter

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Using scale to measure distance

• Example
• Why are maps drawn to scale?
• Maps are usually smaller than the real object-
  your globe
• Who is a cartographer?

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Cartographer

• People who make maps.

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Using cardinal directions

• One way to look up a place is using directions
• N
• S
• E
• W
• Between two cardinal points we have another
  direction.

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UNIT CONTINENTS

• What do you know about grasslands in the world?

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Grasslands
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Names of grasslands

• Grassland biomes are large, rolling terrains of
  grasses, flowers and herbs. Latitude, soil and
  local climates for the most part determine what
  kinds of plants grow in a particular grassland. A
  grassland is a region where the average annual
  precipitation is great enough to support grasses,
  and in some areas a few trees

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Prairie

• In the middle of North America is a huge area of
  land which was once covered with grasses and
  colorful wild flowers. The French called the
  rolling plains of grass "prairie", from the word
  for a meadow grazed by cattle. The prairies are a
  type of grassland dominated by herbaceous plants
  and grasses. Very few trees grow on the prairies
  and are usually widely scattered

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Prairie

• The prairies form a triangular area from Alberta,
  Saskatchewan, and Manitoba down through the Great
  Plains to southern Texas and Mexico, and
  approximately 1,000 miles from western Indiana
  westward to the Rocky Mountains. They cover about
  1.4 million square miles.

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Steppe

• The Steppe biome is a dry, cold, grassland that
  is found in all of the continents except
  Australia and Antarctica. It is mostly found in
  the USA, Mongolia, Siberia, Tibet and China.

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Steppe

• Steppe has warm summers and really cold winters.
  There is often a lot of snow in the northern
  Steppes. All the Steppes experience long droughts
  and violent winds. Sometimes the summers are so
  hot that the grasses catch on fire. That is more
  dangerous then usual because the grass is so dry
  that it spreads quickly.
• A lot of the animals that live in Steppe are
  grazing animals, such as rabbits, mice,
  antelopes, horses, etc. Smaller animals have
  little defense from predators. Since it is such
  an open environment and predators can find
  animals fast, they either form herds or make
  burrows.

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Pampas

• The Pampas of South America are a grassland
  biome. They are flat, fertile plains that covers
  an area of 300,000 sq. miles or 777,000 square
  kilometers, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Andes
  Mountains. It is found primarily in Argentina and
  extends into Uruguay. The word Pampas comes from
  the Guarani Indian word for level plain. The
  Argentinean Pampas are the home of the 'Gaucho',
  the original South American cowboy. The pampas is
  located just below Buenos Aires, between 34 and
  30 south latitude, and 57 and 63 west
  latitude.

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Savanna
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Savanna

• A savanna is a tropical or subtropical grassland
  containing scattered trees and drought-resistant
  undergrowth as stated in the Webster Dictionary.
• Vegetation in the savanna of Africa consist of
  scattered trees and grasses. The trees are open
  and spreading, they have thick bark which is fire
  resistant because there are many fires in the
  savannas of Africa. They also have large and
  course leaves. One fifth of Africa is a savanna.

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Paper marche globes

• for paper Mache Globe
• Prerequisite Skills Students study globe and map
  skills
• 1 lesson plan 5 pts
• Globe properly displays all seven continents,
  the equator, and prime meridian. Appropriate
  colors are used to show water land. The
  following physical features are clearly labeled
  appropriate colors used for water raised
  regions
• continents
• all oceans
• Equator, tropical of Capricorn cancer, prime
  meridian/international date line
• major physical features associated with each
  continent shown in proper colors
• Come up with a list of symbols to identify the
  features.

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Where do I live Seven continents song

• Activity
• Listen to song
• Sing the song
• Label continents oceans in the work sheet.
• Discuss the effects of oceans on planet earth.
• Look at other possible continent lessons

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Lesson Where do you live?

• 1. On the continent work sheet Label Africa,
  Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North
  America, South America, the equator, the North
  Pole, and the South Pole.
• 2. Mark where you live on the map with an "X".
• 3. Do you live in the Northern Hemisphere or the
  Southern Hemisphere?
• 4. What is the name of the continent in which you
  live?
• 5. What is the name of the country in which you
  live?
• 6. What is the name of the state/province in
  which you live?
• 7. What is the name of the city/town in which you
  live?

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Continents
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The oceans

• Oceans cover 70 of the Earth's surface.
• contain roughly 97 of the Earth's water supply
• No other planet in our Solar System has liquid
  water
• Oceans of Earth serve many functions, especially
  affecting the weather and temperature.
• moderate the Earth's temperature by absorbing
  incoming solar radiation (stored as heat energy).
  
• moving ocean currents distribute this heat energy
  around the globe.
• heats the land and air during winter and cools it
  during summer.

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Oceans

• There were four recognized oceans the Pacific,
  Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic ( until 2000)
• The International Hydrographic Organization
  delimited a new ocean, the southern Ocean (it
  surrounds Antarctica and extends to 60 degrees
  latitude)- Spring of 2000.

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Oceans

• There are many seas (smaller branches of an
  ocean)
• Seas are often partly enclosed by land.
• The largest seas are the South China Sea, the
  Caribbean Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea.

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Oceans

• Arctic Ocean - an ocean around the North Pole,
  bordering northern Europe, Asia and North
  America. It is the smallest ocean.
• Atlantic Ocean - an ocean bordering western
  Europe, western Africa, Antarctica, and eastern
  North and South America.
• Indian Ocean - an ocean bordering eastern Africa,
  southern Asia, western Australia, and Antarctica.
  
• Pacific Ocean - an ocean bordering eastern Asia,
  northeastern Australia, Antarctica, and western
  North and South America. It is the biggest ocean.
  
• Southern Ocean - the ocean bordering Antarctica
  and extending from 60 degrees latitude. This
  fifth ocean was recognized by the International
  Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000.

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Standards

• Connections to the National Geography Standards
• Standard 1 "How to use maps and other geographic
  representations, tools, and technologies to
  acquire, process, and report information from a
  spatial perspective" Standard 3 "How to analyze
  the spatial organization of people, places, and
  environments on Earth's surface

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Geographical skills

• Acquiring Geographic Information Organizing
  Geographic Information Answering Geographic
  Questions Analyzing Geographic Information
• Gain essential knowledge and critical thinking
  skills

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Rationale

• Teach students that maps and globes are valuable
  tools we can use to understand our world.
• Help students develop an awareness of major
  geographical features of our world.

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Objectives

• Students will be able to
• Locate and identify all continents
• Locate label 5 major oceans
• Locate label 5 deserts and the major mountain
  ranges of the world.
• And accurately read maps and globes to access
  geographical information about the world.

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Evaluation of lesson

• Worksheet 11 points
• Home work quiz- assign a homework quiz Each
  student will Select one Ocean
• Research on the effects of this Ocean on the
  continent/s it borders and marine life that
  exist.( 10 points)
• Connections to Science Describe the effects of
  human activities on Ocean biomes. (5 points)
• Rubrics with specifics will be distributed at
  time of assignment.

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Other continent lessons Deserts
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Deserts

• Arabian - covering most of the Arabian
  peninsula.Atacama - running down the western
  coast of South America (in Chile).Australian -
  hot deserts covering much of western and central
  Australia.Iranian - northeast of the Arabian
  peninsula and west of the Thar desert.Kalahari -
  covering much of the southeastern tip of
  Africa.Namib - running down the southwestern
  coast Africa.North American - rain shadow
  deserts in southwestern North America, in the USA
  and Mexico.Patagonian - in southeastern South
  America.Saharan - a huge desert covering much of
  northern Africa - the biggest desert in the
  world.Takla Makan-Gobi - a continental desert in
  central Asia.Thar - in northwest
  India.Turkestan - in southern Russia .

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Rivers of the world

• Locate label major rivers in all continents
• Describe uses of rivers around the world
• Effects of deforestation on major sources of
  rivers in the world

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North America
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South America
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Rivers Africa
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Europe
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Asia
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You can select countries e.g India
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Rivers U.S.A
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Australia

• Australia is a continent, a country and an
  island. It is surrounded by the Pacific and
  Indian Oceans. The capital of Australia is
  Canberra.

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Australia
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World Biomes
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World Biomes

• Tundra
• Deciduous Forest
• Savanna
• Taiga
• Chaparral
•  

• Rainforest
• Grasslands
• Desert
• Alpine
• Desert-scrub

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World Biomes

• A biome is a large geographical area of
  distinctive plant and animal groups, which are
  adapted to that particular environment. The
  climate and geography of a region determines what
  type of biome can exist in that region. Major
  biomes include deserts, forests, grasslands,
  tundra, and several types of aquatic
  environments. Each biome consists of many
  ecosystems whose communities have adapted to the
  small differences in climate and the environment
  inside the biome.