Designated Person Indoor Air Quality Training Program

1
Designated Person Indoor Air Quality Training
Program

• Public Employees Occupational Safety and Health
  (PEOSH) Program

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Purpose of Designated Person Training

• Discuss role and responsibilities
• Understand basic IAQ terminology
• Explain a basic HVAC system
• Review PEOSH IAQ standard
• Discuss how to recognize and solve basic IAQ
  problems
• Discuss necessary steps to respond to employees
  complaints
• When and how to obtain assistance

3
Recommended Skills and Authority of Designated
Person

• Knowledgeable about NJ IAQ Standard
• Familiar with basic issues regarding IAQ
• Working knowledge of air handling system
• Be in a position of authority
• Effectively communicate with management, staff,
  maintenance, contractors
• Good problem solver
• Available

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Role of the Designated Person

• Coordinate IAQ Activities
• Prepare Written IAQ Program
• Establish and follow preventive maintenance
  procedures
• Track unscheduled maintenance
• Establish control measures for pollutants
• Renovation and construction
• Specific facility operations
• Maintenance activities
• Recordkeeping
• Annual Written IAQ Program Review

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Management of IAQA Coordinated Effort
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Management of IAQA Coordinated Effort
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IAQ Basics

• Problems occur in many types of buildings
• Problems reflect both comfort and health related
  issues
• Primary sources of IAQ problems include
• Ventilation
• Contaminants generated indoors
• Infiltration of outdoor contaminants
• Unidentified sources

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IAQ Basics

• Types of Air Contaminants
• Vapors Solid or liquid converted by heat to a
  gaseous state (i.e., methylene chloride, mercury)
• Gases Formless fluid occupying an enclosure
  which confines it (i.e., carbon dioxide, oxygen)
• Fumes Condensation of gas into particle lt1
  micrometers (µm) (welding)
• Dust Particulate ranging in size from 0.1 to
  25µm
• Fibers An elongated particle with aspect ratio
  of greater than 31
• Bioaerosols Airborne particles that originate
  from living organisms (i.e., pollen, spores,
  fragments, waste)

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Acceptable IAQ

• American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and
  Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) defines
  acceptable IAQ as
• air in which there are no known contaminants at
  harmful concentrations as determined by
  authorities and at which a substantial majority
  (80 or more) of the people exposed do not
  express dissatisfaction

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IAQ Basics

• Health Effects
• Varied and non-specific
• Reports of health related problems and comfort
  issues
• Air monitoring does not always support their
  existence

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Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) vs.
Building-Related Illness (BRI)

• SBS
• Symptoms
• Do not fit the pattern of any particular illness
• Difficult to trace to a specific source
• Relief occurs upon leaving the building

• BRI
• Symptoms
• Are often accompanied by physical signs
  identified by a physician and/or laboratory
  findings
• Relief from illness may not occur upon leaving
  the building

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Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) vs. Building-Related
Illness (BRI)

• SBS
• Symptoms
• Headaches
• Eye, nose, throat irritation
• Dry or itchy skin
• Fatigue
• Dizziness
• Nausea
• Loss of concentration

• BRI
• Symptoms
• Eye, nose, throat, and upper respiratory tract
  irritation
• Skin irritation or rashes
• Chills, fever, cough, chest tightness,
  congestion, sneezing, runny nose
• Muscle aches

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Building-Related Illnesses

• Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
• Asthma
• Chemical Sensitivity
• Legionnaires Disease

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IAQ Basics

• Factors Affecting IAQ
• Building occupant activities
• Design and condition of HVAC
• Construction and renovation activities
• General outdoor sources

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IAQVentilation System

• Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC)
• Purpose
• Regulates the temperature and humidity for
  comfort
• Supplies general ventilation to decrease indoor
  pollutants

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IAQBasic Ventilation System
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IAQComplex Ventilation System
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IAQVentilation System
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IAQVentilation System
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IAQVentilation System

• Air Handling Unit (AHU)
• Air Filters
• Air filters should have a dust-spot rating
  between 35 and 80 or a Minimum Efficiency
  Rating Value (MERV) of between 8 and 13
• Some filters are not efficient enough to remove
  small fungal and bacterial spores

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IAQVentilation System
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IAQVentilation System

• Air Handling Unit (AHU)
• Humidification and Dehumidification
• Humidification provides moisture to the air and
  dehumidification removes the moisture
• Maintain relative humidity below 60 in all
  occupied spaces and in low air-velocity plenums

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IAQVentilation System

• Air Handling Unit (AHU)
• Coils and Drain Pans
• Coils dehumidify the air forming condensate water
  which is released into drain pans and removed
  from the AHU

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IAQVentilation System

• Air Handling Unit (AHU)
• Return Air Plenum - Space above ceiling tiles is
  often used as return air plenum
• Maintain all exhaust systems that pass through
  plenum
• No exhaust should be released into the plenum
• Prevent contamination of the area and ensure air
  flow is not blocked

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IAQVentilation System

• Ducts
• Move the filtered and conditioned air to occupied
  areas of the building

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IAQVentilation System

• Fans
• Ensure fan belts are operating properly
• Rotation

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IAQVentilation System

• Local Exhaust System
• Buildings should remain under slightly positive
  pressure to avoid bringing in unfiltered air

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IAQVentilation System

• Dampers
• Check condition of dampers and controls
• Ensure dampers are operable and meet the design
  specifications for bringing in outdoor air
• Clean screens and grilles and prevent
  obstructions in this area

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IAQ BasicsBuilding Conditions and Effects

• Problem Poorly regulated temperature and
  humidity levels
• Effects
• Temperature complaints
• Condensation, microbial contamination
• Dryness, upper respiratory irritation, nosebleeds
• Solutions
• Check system sizing
• Adjust dampers
• Location of controls

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IAQ BasicsBuilding Conditions and Effects

• Problem Disruption of air circulation
• Effects
• Stagnant air
• Temperature extremes
• Solutions
• Ensure sizing of HVAC system
• Balancing
• Inspect for blocked supply diffusers

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IAQ BasicsBuilding Conditions and Effects

• Problem Lack of Fresh Air
• Effects
• Stagnant air
• Odors
• Increased contaminant concentrations
• Solutions
• Develop and follow preventive maintenance
  schedule
• Ensure dampers are open and operational
• Inspect filters for condition and compatibility

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IAQVentilation System
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PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12100-13 et seq.

• Adopted in 1998
• First IAQ Standard in U.S.
• Revised in 2007, PEOSH AdvisoryBoard, IAQ
  Subcommittee
• Effective date May 21, 2007

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PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12100-13 et seq.

• 13.1 Scope
• 13.2 Definitions
• 13.3 Compliance Program
• 13.4 Control of Specific Contaminant Sources
• 13.5 Air Quality During Renovation Remodeling
• 13.6 Recordkeeping
• 13.7 Employers Response to Complaints
• 13.8 IAQ Compliance Documents

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PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12100-13.1

• Scope
• This subchapter shall apply to matters relating
  to indoor air quality in buildings occupied by
  public employees during regular work hours.

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PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12100-13.2

• Definitions (selected)
• "Designated person" means a person who has been
  given the responsibility by the employer to take
  necessary measures to assure compliance with this
  subchapter.
• "Office building" means a building in which
  administrative, clerical or educational
  activities are conducted. Examples of facilities
  and/or operations, which are not office
  buildings, include repair shops, garages, print
  shops and warehouses.

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PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12100-13.2

• Definitions (selected)
• "HVAC system" means the collective components of
  the heating, ventilation and air-conditioning
  system including, but not limited to, filters and
  frames, cooling coil condensate drip pans and
  drainage piping, outside air dampers and
  actuators, humidifiers, air distribution
  ductwork, automatic temperature controls, and
  cooling towers.
• "Renovation and remodeling" means building
  modification involving activities that include
  but are not limited to removal or replacement of
  walls, roofing, ceilings, floors, carpet, and
  components such as moldings, cabinets, doors, and
  windows painting decorating demolition
  surface refinishing and removal or cleaning of
  ventilation ducts.

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PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12100-13.3

• Compliance Program
• Employer shall identify and train a Designated
  Person
• Employers designated person shall
• Establish and follow a preventative maintenance
  schedule
• Ensure that damaged or inoperable components are
  replaced or repaired promptly, ensure no
  microbial growth
• Implement the use of general or local exhaust
  ventilation
• Check the HVAC system when carbon dioxide levels
  exceed 1,000 ppm

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PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12100-13.3

• Compliance Program
• Employers designated person shall
• Check HVAC system if temperature range is outside
  68F-79F
• Prevent contamination of fresh air supply
• Check natural ventilation portals are maintained
• Promptly investigate all employee complaints
  about BRI or SBS
• Prepare written plan (including required
  components)
• Review and update written plan annually

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PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12100-13.4

• Control Specific Indoor Contaminants
• Microbial Contaminants
• Promptly repair water intrusion that can promote
  growth of biological
• Remediate damp/wet material by drying or removal
  within 48hrs of discovery and continue until
  water intrusion is eliminated
• Remove visible microbial contamination

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PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12100-13.5

• Renovation and Remodeling
• Evaluate chemical hazards
• Notify employees 24 hours prior to any
  construction
• Utilize local exhaust ventilation
• Isolate construction areas (scheduling, physical
  barriers, pressure differentials)
• Construction areas required to be cleaned and
  aired out as necessary prior to re-occupancy

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PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12100-13.6

• Recordkeeping
• Required Records
• Written IAQ Program
• Documentation of Designated Person Training
• Written Preventive Maintenance Program
• Preventive Maintenance Log

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PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12100-13.6

• Recordkeeping
• Requirements
• Maintained for 3 years
• Available to employees and representatives for
  examination and copying ASAP or within 10
  working days
• Available immediately during PEOSH inspection

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PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12100-13.7

• Employers Response to Signed PEOSH Complaint
  Not currently used.

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PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12100-13.8

• IAQ Compliance Documents
• As-built construction documents
• HVAC System Commissioning Report
• HVAC Systems Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing
  Reports
• Operations and Maintenance Manuals
• Water Treatment Logs
• Operator Training Materials
• Must be provided to PEOSH, upon request (if
  available)

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Other Standards Related to IAQ(Overview)

• PEOSH General Industry (29 CFR 1910.1001) and
  Construction (29 CFR 1926.1101) Asbestos
  Standards
• Identification of asbestos-containing materials
  in all buildings (pre-1980)
• Labeling and signage requirements
• Annual awareness training
• Notification of outside contractors
• Other Federal and State Asbestos Standards
• Schools (AHERA)-U.S. EPA/NJDHSS
• NJ Uniform Construction Code-Subchapter 8, NJ
  Dept. of Community Affairs (NJDCA)

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Other Standards Related to IAQ(Overview)

• Air Contaminants Standard (29 CFR 1910.1000,
  Tables Z-1, Z-2)
• Access to Employee Exposure and Medical Records
  Standard (29 CFR 1910.1020)

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PEOSH Program Response to Unacceptable IAQ

• Conduct Employee Interviews
• Review Building Operations Maintenance
  Procedures
• Walk-through Inspection
• Inspect HVAC System
• Review As-builts
• Conduct Sampling, if necessary
• Complete PEOSH IAQ Checklist

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IAQPreventive Maintenance (PM)

• Equipment List
• Master Schedule
• Documentation

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IAQRecommended Inspection Protocol

• Fan belts operate properly and in good condition
• Filters are installed properly and replaced as
  scheduled
• Dampers are open as designed and not blocked
• Motor functions properly
• Diffusers are opened
• Condensate pans drained
• Supply and exhaust system are properly balanced

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IAQPM Documentation

• Name of person and date work performed shown on
  maintenance schedule
• Specify activity performed on a work order
• Reason for inspection
• Observations
• Item repaired/replaced
• Time spent on activity

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IAQScenario 1 Mold
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IAQScenario 1 Discussion

• Visible mold
• Remove porous materials (follow Mold
  Guidelines)
• Address water infiltration
• Replace materials
• Other regulatory requirements?

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IAQScenario 2 Construction/Renovation

• Carpet replacement in 2nd fl. office area
• Adjoining areas occupied
• Performed during regular work hours

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IAQScenario 2 Construction/Renovation

• Inspect area for asbestos floor tiles/mastic
• Prepare bid specs
• Review materials with contractor, MSDS
• Notify employees (less than 24 hrs.)

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IAQScenario 2 Construction/Renovation

• Isolate work area, secure HVAC
• Maintain negative pressure
• Exercise good housekeeping
• Air-out room prior to re-occupancy
• Recordkeeping

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IAQ Isolate Construction/Occupied Areas
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IAQEmployee Complaints

• Follow Up on Employees Complaints
• Conduct interviews
• Review building operations and maintenance
  procedures
• Complete PEOSH IAQ Inspection Checklist
• Involve employees through L/MHSC
• Communicate outcome and corrective action
• Report all complaints to one person

Labor-Management Health Safety Committee
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Ask for Help

• PEOSH Health Consultation Project
• Local/County Health Departments
• Private Consultants
• American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) -
  www.aiha.org

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Additional IAQ Resources

• PEOSH Publications
• www.nj.gov/health/peosh
• Public Employers Guide and Model Written Program
  for the Revised Indoor Air Quality Standard
• PEOSH Policy on Building Renovations Information
  Bulletin
• Renovation Construction in Schools-Controlling
  Health and Safety Hazards Information Bulletin
• Bioaerosols Information Bulletin
• Mold in The Workplace, Prevention and Control
  Information Bulletin

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PEOSH IAQ Standard Web Page
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Additional IAQ Resources

• Tools for Schools (TfS) Kit
• www.epa.gov/iaq/schools/toolkit.html
• Shows schools how to carry out a practical plan
  of action to improve indoor air problems at
  little or no cost using straightforward
  activities and in-house staff.
• Provides best practices, industry guidelines,
  sample policies, and a sample IAQ management
  plan.
• The voluntary guidance can save schools time and
  money so that resources can be directed toward
  educating children.
• Co-sponsored by the National Parent Teacher
  Association, National Education Association,
  Association of School Business Officials,
  American Federation of Teachers, and the American
  Lung Association.

63
Additional IAQ Resources

• Healthy SEAT Healthy School Environments
  Assessment Tool
• www.epa.gov/schools
• Free software tool to help school systems more
  effectively manage all of their environmental
  issues.
• HealthySEAT is designed to be customized by
  school systems to conduct and manage
  self-assessments of their school facilities for a
  wide range of environmental, health, and safety
  issues.

64
Additional IAQ Resources

• IAQ Building Education and Assessment Model
  (I-BEAM)
• www.epa.gov/iaq/largebldgs/i-beam_html/ibeami.htm
  
• The I-BEAM is a guidance tool designed for use by
  building professionals and others interested in
  indoor air quality in commercial buildings.

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Additional IAQ Resources

• Building Air Quality A Guide for Building Owners
  and Facility Managers (BAQ Guide) and the
  Building Air Quality Action Plan
• www.epa.gov/iaq/largebldgs/baq_page.htm
• Developed by the EPA and NIOSH
• Provides practical suggestions on preventing,
  identifying, and resolving indoor air quality
  (IAQ) problems in public and commercial buildings
• Provides information on factors affecting indoor
  air quality
• Describes how to develop an IAQ profile of
  building conditions and create an IAQ management
  plan
• Describes investigative strategies to identify
  causes of IAQ problems
• Provides criteria for assessing alternative
  mitigation strategies, determining whether a
  problem has been resolved, and deciding whether
  to consult outside technical specialists

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Additional IAQ Resources

• Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial
  Buildings
• www.epa.gov/mold/mold_remediation.html
• Presents guidelines for the remediation/cleanup
  of mold and moisture problems in schools and
  commercial buildings
• Includes measures designed to protect the health
  of building occupants and remediators
• Designed primarily for building managers,
  custodians, and others who are responsible for
  commercial building and school maintenance

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Additional IAQ Resources

• NJ Department of Health and Senior Services
  Healthy Schools Web Site
• http//nj.gov/health/healthyschools
• The Healthy School Facility Environments Web
  site was developed for parents, students, school
  staff, administrators, architects, engineers, and
  contractors. It contains important information
  about preventing, identifying, and controlling
  health and safety hazards in school buildings.