CDF Status and Highlights International Finance Committee October 28th 2006 Rob Roser & Jaco Konigsberg

1
CDF Status and ProspectsP5 CommitteeJune 8,
2007Rob Roser Jaco Konigsberg
2
Outline

• Perspective
• Detector
• Status operations
• High Luminosity running
• Data processing
• People
• Present Status
• Surveys extrapolations
• Streamlining and Automating
• Retaining and recruiting opportunities
• Publications
• Summary

3
Perspective
4
Collaboration
Europe ? 20 institutions
North America ? 34 institutions
Asia ? 8 institutions
The CDF Collaboration ? 13 Countries ? 62
institutions ? 620 authors
5
Publications

• Publications submittedacceptedpublished
• 133 Run II publications and 13 papers submitted
• We also have gt50 additional papers under internal
  review !
• On track for 40 publications in 2007
• More than 100 ongoing PhD theses

6
CDF Run 2 Publications

• 13 papers submitted but not yet published
• We also have gt50 additional papers under internal
  review !

We are publishing our results as we go
7
Broad and deep physics program
PRODUCTION CROSS SECTION
LQ
8 orders of magnitude
?
W, Z, T
Higgs
ED
8
Some Run 2 Physics Highlights

• Observation of Bs-mixing
• ?ms 17.77 - 0.10 (stat) - 0.07(sys)
• Observation of new baryon states
• ?b
• WZ discovery (6-sigma)
• Measured cross section 5.0 (1.7) pb
• ZZ evidence
• 3-sigma
• Single top expected sensitivity at 1 fb-1
• 2.6 sigma
• Precision W mass measurement
• Mw_cdf 80.413 GeV (48 MeV)
• Improved Top mass precision
• Mtop_cdf 170.5 (2.2) GeV
• W-width measurement
• 2.032 (.071) GeV
• New Charmless Bgthh states

All are worlds best results
9
New results shown at 07 Winter Conferences
Just for the record

• QCD
• b-bbar dijet production cross section (260 1/pb)
• Z gt b-bbar (584 1/pb)
• Dijet production cross section measurement (1.13
  1/fb )
• B-physics
• Lifetime measurements
• B, B0, Bs and Lambda_b (1 1/fb)
• Rare decay searches
• B gtmu mu- K, B0 gtmu mu- K, Bs gtmu mu-
  phi (1 1/fb)
• Charmless Bgthh
• EWK
• Observation of WZ production
• Evidence for ZZ production
• W mass
• W width
• Z? and W? results (1fb-1)

10
New results shown at 07 Winter Conferences

• Top
• Top mass in all-jets channel
• Production cross section (leptonisolated track)
• Search for W' using the single top sample
• Top Production Mechanism (gg vs qq)
• Top Charge
• New Phenomena
• Search for New Particles Coupling to Zjets
  (b'-gtZb) in 1.1/fb
• Search for CHAMPS - 1/fb
• SUSY trilepton combined limit - 0.7 to 1/fb
• High-mass dielectron (Z search) - 1.3 1//fb
• Search for LED in the monojet signature - 1/fb
• Squark/Gluino searches - 1/fb
• Higgs (1/fb)
• Hgttau,tau SUSY Higgs
• HgtWW ME-based analysis
• ZHgtllbb 2D-NN and MET fitter analysis

A rich menu !
11
Recent CDF Wine and Cheese Talks

• Just since last September
• Sept 22 B_s Mixing observation
• October 20 Sb observation
• October 25 WZ observation
• October 27 Charmless B gthh observations
• November 10 All-hadronic Top
• December 1 Status of Single Top
• January 5 W mass measurement
• February 2 hgttau,tau
• March 23 Heavy long-lived particle searches
• March 30 Small x and Diffractive Physics
• April 20 W-width Measurement
• June 8th reserved for new CDF Higgs results -
  TODAY
• June 22nd Model Independent Search for New
  Physics
• PLUS a lot of press

12
PhDs Given this Past Year

• S. Lai University of Toronto
• M. Soderberg University of Michigan
• T. Akimoto University of Tsukuba
• O. Norniella Barcelona
• E. Palencia University of Cantabria
• X. Portell Barcelona
• K. Copic University of Michigan
• S. Harper Oxford University
• J. Lee University of Rochester
• V. Rekovic University of New Mexico
• H. Sun Tufts Universiy
• V. Tiwari CMU
• B. Mohr UCLA

• Ch. Dorr Karlsruhe University
• K. Gibson CMU
• A. Holloway Harvard University
• V. Necula University of Florida
• M. Rossi University of Udine
• S. Sabik University of Toronto
• T. Schwarz University of Michigan
• A. Canepa Purdue University
• B. Cooper UCL
• N. Leonardo MIT
• A. Loginov ITEP, Moscow
• G. Salamanna University of Roma
• P. Catastini University of Pisa
• P. Squillacioti University of Pisa
• D. Tonelli University of Pisa
• I. Vollrath University of Toronto
• A. Attal UCLA,
• S. Baroiant UCDavis
• S. Bolshov MIT

40 this year!
13
Our Organization
14
Detector
15
Operations and Performance

• Total luminosity
• 3.0 fb-1 delivered, 2.5 fb-1 to tape 2.2
  fb-1 to tape with silicon on
• Dataset has doubled each of the last 4 years

• Stable collection of data taking efficiency 85
  (2003-present)

16
Detector Status - Executive Summary

• Calorimetry and Muon systems working well
• Tracking chamber (COT)
• Aging not a problem, will be ok through 2009
• Silicon longevity
• Expect silicon detector to last through 2009
• Radiation not expected to be a problem
• ISL cooling leak expected to be solved
• High Luminosity running
• Trigger
• Requires constant attention
• Upgrades on tracking and calorimetry fronts
• DAQ
• Built more bandwidth
• Physics
• No significant effect up to 3e32

No showstopper foreseen through FY09
17
Tracking Chamber -status

• We addressed an aging problem of the Central
  Outer Tracker drift chamber in 2004
• Aging was found to be due to hydrocarbon growth
  on wires
• Addition of O2 to gas in June 2004 restored gain
  to original 2002 levels
• Possible new evidence of aging at the highest
  luminosities
• Minimal, if at all
• New gas purification system to clean
  re-circulated gas expected to be complete later
  this year
• Increased Oxygen from 70 to 100ppm. Seems to
  have stopped this aging

Relative Gain of Inner SL /Store
Days
18
CDF Silicon Detectors
ISL/L00 Portcards
19
Silicon Longevity - details

• Bias voltage required to fully deplete Silicon
  sensors changes with irradiation decrease
  type inversion increase
• If depletion voltage larger than maximum safe
  bias voltage
• cannot fully deplete sensors ? efficiency loss
• Recent bias scans show innermost SVX layer (most
  vulnerable) is nearing inversion

Silicon stable and expected to outlast 8 fb1
20
The Leak

• Recently, flow in East ISL/L00 portcard
  circuit dropped from 1.7 lpm (nominal) to 0.0
  lpm

lpm
Pressure
Flow
1.7lpm
Access to Investigate
1.4
Chiller Trip
1.2lpm
Spontaneous Drop
0.8lpm
Time days
21
Boroscope pictures
Manifold
Port card cooling ring
Manifold
good
bad
Cooling Pipes
hole
22
Established Task Force

• Objectives
• Determine a safe short term operating
  configuration
• Determine probable cause of leak and repair it
• Studying other potential vulnerabilities in
  system
• Plan
• Expect repair to be completed during summer
  shutdown
• 9-week shutdown starting on August 6th
• CONFIDENT WE WILL FIX IT

23
Physics Impact

• Established task force to assess impact on
  physics while off
• Prelim conclusions
• Efficiency for adding silicon hits to COT tracks
  and impact parameter resolution both only
  moderately affected
• Forward electron ID down by 5
• B-tagging
• Efficiency down by 10-15 per jet
• Mis-tag rate also down by 15
• Re-optimization would mitigate efficiency loss
  somewhat
• Higgs
• Total lepton acceptance falls by lt5
• Events with 1 Btag falls by 7
• Events with 2 Btags falls by 20

24
High Luminosity Running
25
Trigger _at_ High Luminosity

• Experience with luminosity at 3e32
• Bulk of triggers for Higgs are fully functional
  to at least 3e32
• Identified a few triggers with unacceptable rates
• XFT and Cal upgrades to help deal with these
• Using dynamic prescaling to optimize physics
  and bandwidth
• High rate triggers have large prescale at high
  luminosity
• Prescales relaxed as bandwidth becomes available
  at low luminosity
• Most of the time is spent at below 1.5e32

No serious issue but continuous watch is needed
26
Ex dealing with runaway triggers

• High PT muons CMX

• L1 XFT upgrade - completed in Fall06
• Add COT stereo layers
• Rate reduced x4-5 with
• 2 loss of efficiency
• June 2007
• Expect another factor of 2-3
• L2 XFT matching in Z with full stereo tracks
• Tighten r-??match
• 5 post docs and students

L1 XFT Upgrade Red before Blue after
27
Ex dealing with runaway triggers
Missing ET jets
now

• Upgrade L2 cluster finder
• Switch to Cone based jets like offline
• Better resolution Missing ET calculation
• Deploy additional Pulsar boards and new decision
  software
• Other algorithms possible
• Install and commission in June 2007
• 14 postdocs and students !

future
28
Physics at High Luminosity
Muon ID efficiency
Electron ID efficiency
Efficiency
b-tagging efficiency
Inst lum
Inst lum
Number of reconstructed vertices
3e32
Inst lum
Inst lum
Electron L1 trigger eff.
Muon L1 trigger eff.
Physics at high luminosity is under control
29
Processing the Data

• Computing will always require attention
• Dealing with continually larger data sets, faster
  acquisition of data, and evolving technology
• Recent successes in offline processing include
• Detector calibrations automated
• Standard Ntuples now made in an automated fashion
• Automated string of high-level modules to do
  jet-E-scale, ID and trigger efficiencies on
  leptons, b-tagging efficiency, data-to-MC scale
  factors
• All MC production done off-site
• Enhanced GRID computing capabilities
• Everything needed to include new data in any
  physics analysis with a lag time of lt12 weeks
• We are elaborating a 5-year plan in conjunction
  with CD
• Detailed CDF staffing needs per operation, per
  year
• Continue streamlining ops
• Transition to CD jobs that match their
  personnels skills
• Analysis ready data available up to April 2007
  (2 fb-1).

30
Summary thus far

• The Detector is working well
• Our triggers are under control
• Offline is processing the data in a timely
  fashion
• No Show Stoppers
• Now we will discuss the people

31
People
streamlining automating recruiting
32
People - Executive Summary

• People are migrating for the LHC and other
  experiments
• This is not a new phenomena, started a long time
  ago
• Brought to the forefront by the Brock/Whitmore
  report in 2004
• Has affected us in many ways and weve taken many
  measures to mitigate its effect
• Conducted CDF surveyed in 2005 and recently in
  Feb 2007
• Personnel available has steadily declined and it
  will continue
• In response, we have stabilized operations and
  weve been able to streamline and automate many
  labor intensive tasks
• Considerable effort retaining, recruiting and
  planning ahead
• But very importantly
• Luminosity increase has made a tremendous
  difference
• Lots of physics to do
• Many opportunities for people to make a mark
• The collaboration age profile is gt young, yet
  excellent
• Try to keep senior people engaged at all levels
• We have focused our physics program through Higgs
• These efforts have paid off and our expectations
  for 2009 are positive

33
The Big Picture
Effort Detector Ops, Offline Ops, and Algorithms
Due to stabilization, streamlining and automation
Due to exciting physics, learning and leadership
opportunities, and LHC delays
Numbers in FTEs
34
Resources Needed - numbers
The Effort Numbers Detailed (FTEs)

• Algorithms category include
• reconstruction efficiencies, B tagging
  (efficiency, SF, mistag matrix), Jet energy
  Scale,Simulation, Trigger (development and
  efficiencies)

35
Resources available
Some More Detail
36
How Many People Available for Physics?
Enough People to Run the experiment and
accomplish the physics
37
Streamlining - Overview

• Detector Operations
• Reduced shift crew load with no efficiency loss
• Increased level of automation
• Reducing/consolidating sub-system crews
• Remote Control Room for CO shift (Europe now,
  Asia will follow)
• 56 FTEs now required to operate the detector (a
  10 reduction)
• Offline
• Automated detector calibrations
• Automated Ntuple creation
• Single point submission for MC
• Extensive automation of production farms
• Physics
• Automated particle ID and trigger efficiencies
• Automated b-tag efficiency and fake rates
• Automated Jet Energy Scale
• Automated MC and data validation

38
CDF Detector Operations Organization
Detector Operations Mary Convery Peter Wilson
Trigger Dataset Working Group Ivan Furic David
Waters
56 FTE required to operate the detector
Management 7 FTE
Safety Coordinator Dee Hahn
Admin. Support Nancy Michael
Associate Head, Detector Infrastructure Del
Allspach - Steve Hahn
Associate Head, Detector Operations
Asscociate Head, Online Systems Jonathan Lewis
Associate Head, Detector Systems Greg Feild
Infra-structure 15 FTE Non- physicists

Operations Managers Farrukh Azfar, Sasha
Pronko, Max Goncharov
Process Systems Bill Noe (Leader) Dean
Becker Warren Bowman Cutchlow Cahill Steve
Gordon Jim Humbert Jim Loskot Bruce Vollmer
Silicon Ignacio Redondo Jose Enrique Garcia
Level 3 V. Boisvert C. Henderson
Data Acquisition Bill Badgett
Trigger L1/L2 Vadim Rusu Gene Flanagan

Daily/Weekly Ops Shift Crews Sci-Co Ace (1) Co
Monitoring/Valid Kaori Maeshima
Forward Koji Terashi
DQM M. Martinez-Perez
COT Bob Wagner Aseet Mukherjee

Electrical and Mechanical Dervin Allen
(Leader) Roberto Davila Lew Morris Wayne
Walden George Wyatt
Calorimeter/TOF Larry Nodulman Willis Sakumoto
CSL Willis Sakumoto
TDC
Muon Systems Phil Schlabach
Shift 19?15 FTE Reduced crew Remote monitoring

Slow Controls Steve Hahn (Leader) JJ Schmidt JC
Yun
CLC Nate Goldschmidt Sasha Sukhanov
Radiation Monitoring Rick Tesarek
System Admin. Comp. Div.
Database
Building Manager Craig Olson
Online 11 FTE
Detector 23 FTE
streamlining automating ease of operation
less personnel
39
Staffing - Overview

• A critical issue to our success
• Spokes and management team spend considerable
  amount of time on this
• Started a systematic approach
• Staffing spreadsheets (gap analysis)
• Detector and Offline Ops, will extend to physics
• By task, person, as a function of quarter yr
• Identify holes
• Institutional spreadsheets
• FTE per person (with names) per year
• Institutional responsibilities
• Done 2 yrs ago, redone in February 2007
• Identify peoplepower
• Will start staffing sessions to weave the two
  into a tool that can allow us to make sure we are
  fully staffed through FY09
• Things look ok, but we need to do the work !

40
Gap analysis spreadsheets
Committed
Likely
Unknown
For all systems find holes early, streamline
further and recruit
41
Template for institutional spreadsheet
42
Recruitment Why we are Successful
Many avenues have kept people involved in CDF

• Focused our Higgs effort
• Trigger upgrade and challenges
• Rapidly increasing datasets
• Great opportunities to analyze data
• LHC delays
• Leadership positions at CDF
• Opportunity to make real, high-visibility,
  contributions
• Seeding with senior people if possible
• Perceptions about LHC
• Long delay for thesis
• A lot of competition - too large
• Difficulty for people to get engaged and feel
  important
• Opportunities for students and postdocs
• MANY postdocs and students joining (despite
  popular beliefs)
• CDF postdocs very competitive in finding faculty
  positions
• Data, data, data Our Physics is compelling

43
Obtaining Resources In and Outside the
Collaboration

• New institutions
• Slovakia joined CDF on March 2007
• Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico are new
  visitors
• Athens has a request to join last month
• International Fellowships
• Two last year
• 1 senior scientist (Fotis Photos, ex-CDF now at
  Cyprus)
• 1 postdoc (Miguel Mondragon, from Mexico)
• Two this year
• Applications in, under review
• Temp positions
• Through CDFs guest and visitor budget
• Help convenors travel, teaching relief etc.
• Bring people to the lab for term periods
• Etc

44
Recent postdocs joining CDF lt1 yr

• Examples most were students at CDF that stayed
  on CDF
• Enrique Palencia Cantabria gt FNAL
• Fabrizio Margaroli Bologna gt Purdue
• Anadi Canepa Purdue gt Penn
• Olga Norniella Barcelona gt UIUC
• Craig Group Florida gt FNAL
• Valentin Necula Florida gt Duke
• Nathan Goldschmidt Wisconsin gt Florida
• Alison Lister Geneva gt UC Davis
• Jen Pursley Hopkins gt Wisconsin
• Bo Jayatilaka Penn gt Duke
• Shang-Yuu Tsai new from Academia Sinica, Taiwan
• Hyun Su Lee new from Korea
• And several more
• Places currently hiring PD for CDF
• Rochester, MIT, Paris, INFN Fellows, Chicago,
  Fermilab (2),

45
Established Higgs Discovery Group

• Elevated the status of the Higgs subgroup to a
  Physics Group
• Link intimately all the tools relevant to the
  groups work and focus
• Much activity, and opportunity, with
  Higgs-related trigger and physics task-forces and
  upgrades
• Many institutions have been adding new people to
  work on such a broad Higgs effort
• Many young and talented people staying at CDF to
  do exactly this
• Such a mission will help pull CDF together in the
  years ahead
• both in spirit and operationally
• It has energized the collaboration!

46
Created Higgs Trigger Task Force

• To open the trigger maximally for Higgs

47
HTTF Report Executive Summary
90

• Efficiency for all SM Higgs channels 82-96
• Significant improvement to previously
• Rate below 200 Hz at L300E30
• So, CDF can still do physics other than Higgs also

48
Keeping Senior People

• 6 major physics analysis groups
• 2 convenors per group
• Successfully recruited senior physicists to lead
  our physics
• 9/12 are faculty level physicists, 3 senior
  postdocs
• Some recruited rescued from going to LHC and
  other experiments
• Higgs group
• Matt Herndon (Wisconsin/CMS), Mark Kruse
  (Duke/Atlas)
• Top group
• Kirsten Tollefson (MSU/Atlas), Robin Erbacher
  (Davis/CMS)
• Exotics group
• Chris Hays (Oxford/Atlas/ILC)
• EWK group
• Eva Halkiadakis (Rutgers/CMS), Erik James
  (FNAL/CMS)
• B group
• Manfred Paulini (CMU/CMS)
• Also on the Operations groups
• Co-Head Offline Group
• Donatella Lucchesi (Padova/CMS)
• Associate heads Offline Group

49
The Balance

• We have enough people to run the experiment well
  and do the physics.
• We have a sufficient number of postdocs and
  students
• We spend a lot of time matching up people with
  the proper skill sets to particular jobs.
• This gets harder through attrition
• We struggle to fill a few key positions more than
  we would like. We are in discussions with the lab
  on how they can help in a few key areas.
• Our expectation is that we will sprint across the
  finish line

50
Publication of physics results
51
From data taking to publication

• Q What is the typical time between data being
  taken and it making it into a public result ?
• A There is no typical
• There is a minimum time for each new data period
• Need to process, calibrate, align, ntuplize,
  validate, run existing analysis, present bless
• This is done in a few months
• Usual deviations from minimum
• Wait for several periods to get better stats/syst
  and then just add to existing analysis
• Wait for more data BUT improve analysis
• Wait for new Offline code releases w/
  improvements
• Striving for a final release
• Wait for new students postdocs to take on an
  analysis
• Wait for other analyses/tools that affect this
  one

52
All that said

• Expect final Offline release by end of this year
• Many new tools in it
• New forward tracking, final simulation, etc.
• Expect final automations done
• Low and high-level calibrations
• It will be easier and faster to add data to an
  existing analysis and just run it
• In that case the lag will be lt minimum above
• Still
• We are in a rather creative stage and bringing
  innovations to an analysis/search is in our blood
• We can always update on demand on a fast track
  if that is what we want to do

53
Random case

• Higgs analyses in 2009 Summer Conferences
• Assume 6 fb-1 of data delivered, 5 fb-1
  logged
• Assumed rate 130 pb-1 / month
• At Best
• Close datasets N months before conferences to
  allow for processing etc.
• Data in analyses 5-N(130) 4.6 fb-1 (for
  N3)
• Another 1.5 fb-1 for 2010

54
A Look Ahead -- Exciting Prospects

• W mass to 25 MeV, Top mass to 1 GeV?
• Resonances in ee. mumu, tt, bb - TeV reach
• SUSY reach to several hundred GeV
• Higgs -- find it!
• 3rd generation sector physics tau, B, Top
• Di-bosons, single-top
• Holistic test of SM through signature based
  searches
• Compositeness

The core program keeps getting better with data!
55
By the way, our first 2 fb-1 result
Is a discovery !
56
Conclusions

• CDFs perspectives for staffing through FY09 are
  very good
• Enough people are committed to run CDF well
• Work goes into finding good matches to where
  holes are
• The detectors will work well through FY09
• High luminosity is not an issue
• Trigger is keeping up
• Physics quantities dont deteriorate
• Analysis and publications
• Analyses are always improving
• Can publish quickly if needed
• Physics program has been extremely successful
  with 1 fb-1
• Looking forward to extract all we can from as
  much data as we get
• And if Nature is kind, to discover something else
  !

We are ready to run through 2009
57
BACKUP SLIDES
58
Impact while off

• The absence of ISL and L00 impacts
• COT-Silicon linking
• Impact parameter resolutions
• B-tagging
• Forward lepton ID
• To quantify impact
• Re-track recent data dropping all ISL and L00
  information
• Produce Higgs MC removing ISL and L00 from
  simulation
• These overestimate the effects
• Were taking data with the west half of ISL and
  L00
• We did not re-optimized algorithms to account for
  missing pieces
• Next we discuss impact from low level objects to
  high level physics

59
Tracking Impact
Z gt dileptons

• Efficiency for adding silicon hits to COT tracks
  and impact parameter resolution both moderately
  effected

60
Algorithm Impact

• B-tagging
• Efficiency down by 10-15 per jet
• Mis-tag rate also down by 15
• Re-optimization would mitigate efficiency loss

• Forward electron ID down by 5

61
Physics Impact

• Evaluated change in total acceptanceefficiency
  after full selection criteria in several channels
  using MC
• MH120 GeV WH(l?bb), ZH(llbb), ZH(??bb)
• MH160 GeV H(WW)
• Relative losses consistent across all channels
  and with data-based studies of previous pages
• Total lepton acceptance falls by lt5
• Events with 1 Btag falls by 7
• Events with 2 Btags falls by 20
• Worst case scenario Assuming no re-optimization,
  actual losses would be half this for that
  fraction of the data set taken with the east half
  of ISL/L00 off.

62
Details of Computing

• Resources
• 1 THz CPU _at_ Fermilab for data processing (FARM)
• 8 THz CPU _at_ Fermilab for user analysis and Monte
  Carlo generation
• 2.5 THz CPU off-site for Monte Carlo generation
• Also exploits GRID
• FARM can process 26M events per day
• We log 4-5 M events per day
• CDF uses a one pass data processing scheme
• Data processed every 6-8 weeks
• Use final calibration, alignment, reconstruction
• Publication ready data available up to April 2007
  (2 fb-1)
• Data validation and analysis ntuples follow FARMs
  by 4-6 weeks

63
Streamlining Shift Operations

• Reduced shift crew by one member without
  sacrificing data-taking efficiency or safety of
  detector - December06
• Automated tasks to allow shift crew to focus on
  decision making
• Redistributed tasks to other shift crew members
• Students and postdocs freed from shift duties
  available elsewhere in detector operations, e.g.
  in the silicon group
• Improving detector safety and data-taking
  efficiency
• New tool for monitoring beam
  conditions automatically
  puts
  detector HV in a safe state if beam
  conditions are unsafe
• Automatic recovery of silicon
  HV crate
  communication
  problems is faster and keeps
  
  shift crew in control room

64
Streamlining Shift Operations

• Shifts for data quality monitoring for all
  detector subsystems can be done from remote site
  - September 06
• All monitoring plots available via Web
• Established CO shift room in Pisa
• Monitoring workstations and video conferencing to
  CDF control room
• Physicists in Pisa currently covering owl shift
  one week a month
• Reduce travel burden
• Keep people engaged
• Expect other European collaborators to take
  
  advantage of this
• Extending to site in Japan