This perspective also recognizes the profound socioeconomi

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Transforming the Future Impacting the World
The Role of Agricultural Extension in Addressing
Climate Change Issues and its Global Impact
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Global Change Climate Change Global Warming
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WHAT IS GLOBAL CHANGE?
Changes in the global environment (including
alterations in climate, land, oceans, water
resources, atmospheric chemistry and ecological
systems) that may alter the capacity of the earth
to sustain life.
This perspective also recognizes the profound
socioeconomic and ecological implications of
global environmental change.
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WHAT ARE THESE CHANGES?
Changes in the natural and human-induced forces
affecting the earth system
Changes in ecosystems
Changes and variability in earth system
attributes that directly affect natural and human
activities
Changes in human communities, organizations,
societies, and economies
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WHAT IS CLIMATE CHANGE?
Climate change refers to the variation in the
Earth's global climate or in regional climates
over time. It describes changes in the
variability or average state of the atmosphere
over time scales ranging from decades to millions
of years.
These changes can be caused by processes internal
to the Earth, external forces (e.g. variations in
sunlight intensity) or, more recently, human
activities.
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GLOBAL CHANGE IS THE RESULT OF CLIMATE FORCING
Climate is the average weather, including
seasonal extremes and variations, locally,
regionally or across the globe.
Climate is controlled by the long-term balance of
energy of the earth and its atmosphere.
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PHYSICAL CONTROLS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
Solar Radiation changes in solar output directly
influence the radiative environment and energy
budget at the earths surface, the response of
the climate system and the response of all life
forms.
Atmospheric composition changes in atmospheric
composition directly influence the transfer of
radiative energy throughout the atmospheric
column and therefore the energy balance
throughout the earths surface.
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WHAT IS GLOBAL WARMING?
Global warming is the increase in the average
temperature of the Earth's near-surface air and
oceans in recent decades and its projected
continuation.
The term "global warming" is a specific example
of the broader term climate change, which can
also refer to global cooling. In common usage the
term refers to recent warming and implies a human
influence.
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Global Change Climate Change Global Warming
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Climate change can be caused by processes
internal to the Earth, external forces (e.g.
variations in sunlight intensity) or, more
recently, human activities. The United Nations
Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
uses the term "climate change" for human-caused
change, and "climate variability" for other
changes. The term "anthropogenic climate change"
is sometimes used when focusing on human-induced
changes.
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"Warming of the climate system is unequivocal."
"Most of the observed increase in globally
averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century
is very likely due to the observed increase in
anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations."
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INTERACTIONS AMONG CLIMATE SYSTEM COMPONENTS
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25 Million Offered In Climate ChallengeTycoon
Hopes to Spur Milestone Research By Kevin
SullivanWashington Post Foreign
ServiceSaturday, February 10, 2007 LONDON, Feb.
9 -- British billionaire entrepreneur Richard
Branson, with former vice president Al Gore at
his side, offered a 25 million prize Friday to
anyone who can come up with a way to blunt global
climate change by removing at least a billion
tons of carbon dioxide a year from the Earth's
atmosphere. The winner of the contest must devise
a plan to remove greenhouse gases from the
atmosphere without creating adverse effects. The
first 5 million would be paid upfront, and the
remainder of the money would be paid only after
the program had worked successfully for 10 years.
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Climate Change Worries Military Advisers Morning
Edition, April 16, 2007 We're used to hearing
scientists warn us about climate change. Now a
group of retired generals and admirals says
global warming could provoke serious national
security threats. Climate change could create
land loss, mass migrations, loss of natural
resources, and increased demands on water that
may exacerbate or cause conflict "all things
that could have some sort of effect on our
security interests around the world," says
retired Gen. Anthony Zinni, a member of the
military advisory panel. Findings 1. Projected
climate change poses a serious threat to
America's national security. 2. Climate change
acts increases the potential instability in some
of the most volatile regions of the world. 3.
Projected climate change will boost tensions even
in stable regions. 4. Climate change, national
security and energy dependence are a related set
of global challenges.
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Climate Change a Homeland Security Issue at
Senate WASHINGTON At a Committee hearing on
April 19, 2007, entitled, Dangerous Exposure
The Impact of Global Warming on Private and
Federal Insurance, the Government Accountability
Office (GAO) released a report commissioned by
Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs
Committee Chairman Joe Lieberman, ID-Conn., and
Ranking Member Susan Collins, R-Me., Lieberman
and Collins two years earlier assessing the
fiscal impacts that unchecked global warming will
have on the taxpayer-funded Federal Crop
Insurance Corporation and National Flood
Insurance Program. Through those programs,
American taxpayers are exposed to many billions
of dollars in claims for the losses that result
from the very weather catastrophes that are
projected to intensify due to global warming.
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NJ enacts anti-global warming law New Jersey
became the third state in the nation to enact a
comprehensive greenhouse gas reduction law
Friday, requiring the Garden State to
significantly cut emissions of global-warming
gases. California and Hawaii have adopted similar
laws, and eight other states are considering
them. The legislation requires the state to
reduce global warming gases to 1990 levels by
2020, and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to
80 percent below 2006 levels by 2050. New Jersey
is the first state to set global warming targets
so far into the future, environmentalists said,
and the first to require that energy imports
adhere to New Jersey's standards.
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Agriculture is the production of food, feed,
fiber, fuel and other goods by the systematic
raising of plants and breeding and feeding
animals. Agri is from Latin ager, meaning "a
field", and culture is from Latin cultura,
meaning "cultivation"
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Development of agriculture is considered one of
the foundations of civilization because the
active culture of useful plants and animals
promoted population growth and a transition from
mobile to settled life.
When farmers became capable of producing food
beyond the needs of their own families, others in
the tribe/nation/empire were freed to devote
themselves to ambitions and enterprises other
than food acquisition.
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Agricultural progress has been a crucial factor
in worldwide social and economic change,
including wealth-building and militaristic
specializations
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The effect of climate on agriculture is related
to variability in local climates rather than in
global climate patterns. Consequently,
agronomists consider any assessment has to be
individually consider each local area. On the
other hand, agricultural trade has grown in
recent years, and now provides significant
amounts of food, on a national level to major
importing countries, as well as comfortable
income to exporting ones. The international
aspect of trade and security in terms of food
implies the need to also consider the effects of
climate change on a global scale.
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Climate change impacts on agriculture Productivi
ty, in terms of quantity and quality of
crops. Agricultural practices, through changes
of water use (irrigation) and agricultural inputs
such as herbicides, insecticides and fertilizers.
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Environmental effects, in particular in relation
of frequency and intensity of soil drainage
(leading to nitrogen leaching), soil erosion,
reduction of crop diversity. Rural space,
through the loss and gain of cultivated lands,
land speculation, land renunciation, and
hydraulic amenities.
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Problems on the Ground
Crop Yield Forecast Unpicked tomatoes rotting in
the field because of unusually high rainfall in
Camarillo, CA
Land Use Planning A wild coyote looking for
lunch on a golf course in Sun City, AZ
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The agricultural sector is a driving force in the
gas emissions and land use effects thought to
cause climate change. In addition to being a
significant user of land and consumer of fossil
fuel, agriculture contributes directly to
greenhouse gas emissions through practices such
as rice production and the raising of livestock.
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Transforming the Future Impacting the
World Adaptation involves taking action to
minimize the effects of anthropogenic climate
change and lessen civilization's vulnerabilities
to its negative effects. Mitigation involves
taking actions aimed at reducing the extent of
anthropogenic climate change and its negative
effects.
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Breeding new plant species and crops which are
more tolerant to changed climate conditions
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Improving water use efficiency, planning for
alternative water sources, such as treated
wastewater, and making changes to water
allocation and pricing to combat less available
water.
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Agriculture can make an important contribution to
climate change mitigation while providing
benefits to both farmers and the general
public. Agriculture can reduce the net
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that cause climate
change by Storing carbon in soils and
plants Producing fuels and electricity to
replace fossil fuels and Reducing emissions
from livestock operations and agricultural lands.
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Improved crop and grazing land management to
increase soil carbon storage restoration of
cultivated peaty soils and degraded lands.
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Forestation reforestation forest management
reduced deforestation harvested wood product
management use of forestry products for
bio-energy to replace fossil fuel use. Tree
species improvement to increase biomass
productivity and carbon sequestration. Improved
remote sensing technologies for analysis of
vegetation/ soil carbon sequestration potential
and mapping land use change.
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Employ research based information and education
programs to meet the needs of local clientele.
Extend research-based knowledge to the public and
engage people in life-long learning.
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GRAND CHALLENGE A Global Change Commitment and
Strategy for the National Association of County
Agricultural Agents Vision Reflects the
optimistic view of the organization or its
clientele's future. A clean and sustainable
environment for the production of food, feed,
fiber and fuel An educated public on the
issues of climate change
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GRAND CHALLENGE A Global Change Commitment and
Strategy for the National Association of County
Agricultural Agents Mission Defines where the
organization is going now, basically describing
the purpose, why this organization exists. To
educate the public about anthropogenic climate
change issues and promote measures to adapt and
mitigate its consequences A globally conscious
workforce of county agricultural agents
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GRAND CHALLENGE A Global Change Commitment and
Strategy for the National Association of County
Agricultural Agents Values Main values
protected by the organization during the
progression, reflecting the organization's
culture and priorities. People, Partnerships,
Environment, Education, Science
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GRAND CHALLENGE A Global Change Commitment and
Strategy for the National Association of County
Agricultural Agents Goals or Objectives
Specific time bound statements of intended future
results and continuing statements of intended
future results. In 5 years all NACAA members
will understand the basic issues of climate
change. In 10 years NACAA members will be a
primary source of climate change adaptation and
mitigation information.
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Transforming the Future INTEGRATION
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• The Road to Success
• Offer an excellent product and service.
• Believe in your product and service.
• Understand the needs of those who are seeking
  your product and service.
• Believe that your clientele needs your product
  and service.
• Embody the values and ideals of your product and
  service.
• Effectively market your product and service
• Do not give up in the face of adversity or
  rejection.
• From How to sell swimsuits in the Arctic by
  Adam Hamilton